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氟乙酰胺 | 640-19-7

中文名称
氟乙酰胺
中文别名
敌蚜胺;氟代乙酰胺
英文名称
fluoroacetamide
英文别名
2-fluoroacetamide
氟乙酰胺化学式
CAS
640-19-7
化学式
C2H4FNO
mdl
MFCD00008026
分子量
77.0583
InChiKey
FVTWJXMFYOXOKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 稳定性/保质期:
    常温常压下稳定,避免与强氧化剂、强还原剂、强酸和强碱接触。

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -1
  • 重原子数:
    5
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.5
  • 拓扑面积:
    43.1
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    2

ADMET

代谢
调查者们一致认为氟乙酰胺的毒性低于氟乙酸。这归因于前者转化为后者的代谢速度较慢。...从接受氟乙酰胺3毫克/千克/天的老鼠尿液中回收,62%的总摄入量未发生代谢...。
INVESTIGATORS ARE AGREED THAT FLUOROACETAMIDE IS LESS TOXIC THAN FLUOROACETATE. THIS HAS BEEN ATTRIBUTED TO THE FACT THAT METABOLISM OF THE FORMER TO THE LATTER IS SLOW. ... RECOVERED, FROM THE URINE OF RATS RECEIVING FLUOROACETAMIDE AT A RATE OF 3 MG/KG/DAY, 62% OF THE TOTAL INTAKE UNMETABOLIZED ... .
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
2,4-二硝基氟苯与谷胱甘肽反应,形成一种类似于模型谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶底物1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯的稳定产物。...氟乙酰胺与氟乙酸一样,没有可察觉的化学脱氟作用。其酶促脱氟作用约为氟乙酸的10%,仅为2,4-二硝基氟苯的0.2%。针对氟乙酸特异性脱卤酶产生的抗体可以沉淀氟乙酸和氟乙酰胺的脱氟活性,但对1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯或2,4-二硝基氟苯的活性没有影响。...2,4-二硝基氟苯由谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶代谢,而氟乙酰胺由氟乙酸特异性脱卤酶代谢。
2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene reacts with glutathione to form a stable product similar to that formed with the model glutathione-S-transferase substrate, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. ... Fluoroacetamide, like fluoroacetate, undergoes no discernable chemical defluorinantion. Its enzymatic defluorination is approx 10% of that observed for fluoroacetate and only 0.2% of the rate for 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. An antibody raised to the fluoroacetate specific dehalogenase precipitated both fluoroacetate ad fluoroacetamide defluorinating activity but had no effect on either 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene or 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene activity. ... 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene is metabolized by the glutathione-S-transferase while fluoroacetamide is metabolized by the fluoroacetate specific dehalogenase.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
氟乙酸通过腹腔注射给大鼠和小鼠后,会被脱氟生成氟离子,这种氟离子可以通过^19F NMR在尿液和肾脏中检测到。使用^13C标记的2-氟乙酸、1,2-^13C-氟乙酸和1,2-^14C-氟乙酸...揭示了尿液中存在复杂的代谢物混合物,包括在大鼠和小鼠中的S-(羧甲基)结合复合物以及在大鼠中的亚磺酰化产物...。...在用^13C-氟乙酸处理后的胆汁中,检测到了S-(羧甲基)谷胱甘肽或相关结合物以及氟乙酸的O-结合物。将^13C-氟乙酸与大鼠和小鼠肝脏细胞溶质一起培养,会形成S-(^13C-羧甲基)谷胱甘肽和氟离子。氟柠檬酸也在小鼠肝脏细胞溶质与氟乙酸培养中检测到。氟乙酰胺通过腹腔注射给大鼠和小鼠后,会通过氟乙酸在尿液中生成氟离子,这是在有机磷酸酯敏感的酰胺酶水解作用下释放的。(19)F NMR...的其他氟乙酰胺代谢物与小鼠肝脏中的氟乙酰羟肟酸和大鼠尿液中的氟柠檬酸一致。氟乙醇在大鼠和小鼠中会生成尿液中的氟乙酸和氟离子,并且会被小鼠和大鼠肝脏微粒体转化为氟乙醛。(-)-和(+)-苏式-氟柠檬酸通过腹腔注射给大鼠后,在6小时内主要在尿液中检测到母体化合物,随后氟离子的量逐渐增加。...大鼠和小鼠肝脏细胞溶质会脱氟(-)-苏式-氟柠檬酸。代谢脱氟和猪心草酸酶也会脱氟(-)-苏式-氟柠檬酸。因此,氟乙酸及其前体氟乙酰胺和氟乙醇的代谢脱氟可以归因于氟乙酸与谷胱甘肽的结合以及转化为(-)-苏式-氟柠檬酸,后者既是草酸酶的抑制剂也是底物。...用氟乙酸或(-)-苏式-氟柠檬酸中毒的大鼠和小鼠的尿液中,柠檬酸和葡萄糖含量升高,尿素含量降低,这与三羧酸循环和氨代谢的干扰一致。
Fluoroacetate administered ip to rats and mice is defluorinated to give fluoride ion evident in urine and kidney by (19)F NMR. The use of 2-(13)C-, 1,2-(13)C-, and 1,2-(14)C-fluoroacetate, ... reveals a complex mixture of urinary metabolites including an S-(carboxymethyl) conjugate complex in rats and mice and sulfoxidation products ... in rats. ... Bile, following treatment with 2-(13)C- fluoroacetate, shows the presence of S-(carboxymethyl)glutathione or a related conjugate and an O-conjugate of fluoracetate. Incubation of (13)C-fluoroacetate with rat and mouse liver cytosol involves formation of S-((13)C-carboxymethyl) glutathione and fluoride ion. Fluorocitrate is also /detected in/ fluoracetate incubations with mouse liver cytosol. Fluoroacetamide administered ip to rats and mice yields urinary fluoride ion formed via fluoroacetate which is liberated on hydrolysis by an organophosphate-sensitive amidase. (19)F NMR ... of other metabolites of fluoroacetamide are consistent with fluoroacetohydroxamic acid in the liver of mice and fluorocitrate in the urine of rats. Fluoroethanol gives rinary fluoroacetate and fluoride ion in rats and mice and is converted to fluoroacetaldehyde by mouse and rat liver microsomes. (-)- and (+)-erythro- fluorocitrates administered ip to rats yield mostly the parent compounds in urine at 6 hr with increasing amounts of fluoride ion thereafter. ... Rat and mouse liver cytosols defluorinate (-)-erythro-fluorocitrate. Metabolic defluorination and pig heart aconitase also defluorinates (-)-erythro- fluorocitrate. Metabolic defluorination of fluoracetate and its progenitors, fluoroacetamide and fluoroethanol, is therefore attributable to both conjucation of fluoracetate with glutathione and conversion to (-)-erythro-fluorocitrate, which is both an inhibitor of and a substrate for aconitase. ... Urine of rats and mice poisoned with fluoroacetate or (-)-erythro-fluorocitrate show elevated citrate and glucose and diminished urea consistent with disruptions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and ammonia metabolism.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
氟乙酰胺被氟乙酸特异性脱卤酶(A323)代谢。
Fluoroacetamide is metabolized by the fluoroacetate specific dehalogenase (A323).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
氟代醋酸盐通过抑制柠檬酸循环产生其毒性作用。氟取代的醋酸盐像普通醋酸盐一样被并入氟乙酰辅酶A中,它与草酰醋酸盐缩合形成氟柠檬酸盐。氟柠檬酸盐抑制酶aconitase,从而抑制柠檬酸盐转化为异柠檬酸盐。因此,组织中积累了大量的柠檬酸盐,循环受阻。心和CNS是参与氧化能量代谢普遍抑制中毒的最关键组织(A640)。
Fluoroacetate produces its toxin action by inhibiting the citric acid cycle. The fluorine substituted acetate becomes incorporated, as a normal acetate, into fluoroacetyl coenzyme A, which condenses with oxaloacetate to form fluorocitrate. Fluorocitrate inhibits the enzyme aconitase and thereby inhibits the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. As a result there is an accumulation of large quantities of citrate in the tissue, and the cycle is blocked. The heart and CNS are the most critical tissues involved in poisoning by general inhibition of oxydative energy metabolism (A640).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
对人类无致癌性(未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 健康影响
代谢性酸中毒、高血糖、高尿酸血症、肝转氨酶升高和血肌酐水平升高可能出现。心动过速、室性心动过速或心室颤动,以及突发的心搏停止可能发生(T36)。
Metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, elevated serum levels of hepatic transaminases, and elevated serum creatinine levels may occur. Tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, and sudden onset of asystole may occur (T36).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其气溶胶、通过皮肤接触以及吞食被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
吸入 (L1160); 口服 (L1160); 皮肤接触 (L1160); 眼睛接触 (L1160)。
Inhalation (L1160) ; oral (L1160) ; dermal (L1160) ; eye contact (L1160).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
吸收、分配和排泄
CMPD被皮肤吸收。
THE CMPD IS ABSORBED BY THE SKIN.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

制备方法与用途

制备方法

氟乙酰胺由氯乙酰胺氟化而得。氟化反应既可以在二甲苯或四氯乙烯等溶剂中进行,也可以采用干法(无溶剂法),即干燥的氯乙酰胺与KF(氟化钾)加热反应。干法操作简便且没有防爆要求,收率也较高。

具体步骤如下:将按1.5:1(摩尔比)混合的干燥氟化钾和氯乙酰胺放入球磨机中球磨半小时,然后将其加入预热好的卧式氟化釜中,在减压条件下加热反应。最终得到含量为95%的氟乙酰胺,收率在72-75%之间。

合成制备方法

同样地,氟乙酰胺由氯乙酰胺通过氟化而得。该过程可以在二甲苯或四氯乙烯等溶剂中进行,也可以使用干法(无溶剂法),即干燥的氯乙酰胺与KF加热反应。采用干法则更为简便且没有防爆要求,同时收率也较高。

具体步骤包括:将按1.5:1(摩尔比)混合的干燥氟化钾和氯乙酰胺放入球磨机中球磨半小时,随后将其加入预热好的卧式氟化釜中,在减压条件下加热反应。最终得到含量为95%的氟乙酰胺,收率在72-75%之间。

用途简介

氟乙酰胺广泛用于防治棉花、大豆、高粱、小麦及苹果等作物中的蚜虫、柑桔介壳虫和森林螨类等多种害虫。特别对棉花抗性蚜虫具有显著的杀灭效果,同时也可用作高效杀鼠剂。然而,它会对消化道黏膜产生刺激作用,并导致中毒症状,表现为中枢神经系统的过度兴奋、烦躁不安、肌肉震颤等,部分患者可能出现精神障碍和心肌损害。

自1982年6月5日起,我国已全面禁止使用含氟乙酰胺的农药及杀鼠剂,并停止其登记。早在1976年,我国就明令禁止生产该物质。根据农牧渔业部与卫生部在1982年的《农药安全使用规定》,明确禁止将氟乙酰胺作为灭鼠药销售和使用。

用途

氟乙酰胺广泛用于防治棉花、大豆、高粱、小麦及苹果等作物中的蚜虫、柑桔介壳虫和森林螨类等多种害虫。尤其对棉花抗性蚜虫具有显著的杀灭效果,同时也可用作高效杀鼠剂。然而,它会对消化道黏膜产生刺激作用,并导致中毒症状,表现为中枢神经系统的过度兴奋、烦躁不安、肌肉震颤等,部分患者可能出现精神障碍和心肌损害。

自1982年6月5日起,我国已全面禁止使用含氟乙酰胺的农药及杀鼠剂,并停止其登记。早在1976年,我国就明令禁止生产该物质。根据农牧渔业部与卫生部在1982年的《农药安全使用规定》,明确禁止将氟乙酰胺作为灭鼠药销售和使用。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    氟乙酰胺 在 nitros gases 作用下, 生成 氟乙酸
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Buckle; Heap; Saunders, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1949, p. 914
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    alkaline earth salt of/the/ methylsulfuric acid 在 potassium fluoride 作用下, 生成 氟乙酰胺
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Method of preparing fluoroacetamide
    摘要:
    公开号:
    US02416607A1
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    1,3-dimethyl-5-azauracil氟乙酰胺lithium diisopropyl amide 作用下, 以 乙醚 为溶剂, 反应 4.0h, 以88%的产率得到5-氟脲嘧啶
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Chung, Won Keun; Chung, Jin Hyun; Watanabe, Kyoichi A., Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 1983, vol. 20, p. 457
    摘要:
    DOI:
点击查看最新优质反应信息

文献信息

  • One-Step Hydroxy Substitution of 4,4’-Dimethoxybenzhydrol with Amides, Lactams, Carbamates, Ureas and Anilines
    作者:Catherine Henneuse、Thierry Boxus、Lorenzo Tesolin、Guiseppe Pantano、Jacqueline Marchand-Brynaert
    DOI:10.1055/s-1996-4230
    日期:1996.4
    A series of amides, lactams, carbamates, ureas and anilines, equipped with various functionalities, were readily N-alkylated with the 4,4’-dimethoxybenzhydryl residue by reaction with 4,4’-dimethoxybenzhydrol [bis(4-methoxyphenyl)methanol] in acetic acid, at room temperature, under H2SO4 catalysis.
    一系列带有各种官能团的酰胺、内酰胺、氨基甲酸酯、脲和苯胺类化合物,可以通过与4,4'-二甲氧基苯甲醇[双(4-甲氧基苯基)甲醇]在乙酸中、室温下、硫酸催化反应的过程中,轻松地进行N-烷基化,生成4,4'-二甲氧基苯甲基残基。
  • Anti-tumour agents
    申请人:Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    公开号:US04992550A1
    公开(公告)日:1991-02-12
    A quinazoline of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyl, halogeno, hydroxy, mercapto, pyridylthio, pyrimidinylthio, or substituted alkyl or alkoxy; wherein R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkyl or alkanoyl; wherein Ar is phenylene, naphthylene or heterocyclene which is unsubstituted or bears one or more substituents and wherein R.sup.3 is such that R.sup.3 --NH.sub.2 is an amino acid; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt or ester thereof. The compounds possess anti-tumour activity.
    一种化学式为:##STR1## 的喹唑啉,其中 R.sup.1 是烷基,环烷基,烯基,炔基,烷氧基,硫代烷基,芳基,芳氧基,芳基烷基,卤素,羟基,巯基,吡啶硫代基,嘧啶硫代基,或取代的烷基或烷氧基;其中 R.sup.2 是氢,烷基,烯基,炔基,取代的烷基或烷酰基;其中 Ar 是苯基,萘基或杂环烯基,未取代或带有一个或多个取代基,且 R.sup.3 是使得 R.sup.3 --NH.sub.2 为氨基酸的基团;或其药用可接受的盐或酯。这些化合物具有抗肿瘤活性。
  • New growth regulators of corn based on N-mono- and N,N-bis-3-butenyldichloroacetamides
    作者:Yu. N. Bubnov、Yu. Ya. Spiridonov、N. Yu. Kuznetsov
    DOI:10.1007/s11172-018-2080-0
    日期:2018.2
    Allylboration of imines, nitriles (including hydrocyanic acid), amides, lactams, aromatic azaheterocycles (pyridines, isoquinoline, and pyrrole) was used to synthesize a series of mono- and bis-3-butenylamines with different structures, which were converted to dichloroacetamides, new analogs of a known safener (herbicide antidote) Dichlormid successfully used in the cultivation of corn throughout the
    亚胺、腈(包括氢氰酸)、酰胺、内酰胺、芳香氮杂杂环(吡啶、异喹啉和吡咯)的烯丙基硼化被用于合成一系列不同结构的单-和双-3-丁烯胺,将其转化为二氯乙酰胺,一种已知安全剂(除草剂解毒剂)的新类似物二氯杀螨酯已成功用于世界各地的玉米种植。玉米种子发芽生物学试验表明,所得二氯乙酰胺大部分具有促生长活性,主要针对根系发育。化合物 2f、反式和顺式 2n、顺式 2s 和 2t 表现出出色的活性,超过敌草畏对玉米幼苗发育根系的刺激作用的 2 到 3 倍。
  • Method for preparing a fluorinated organic compound
    申请人:RHODIA OPERATIONS
    公开号:US20140148603A1
    公开(公告)日:2014-05-29
    A method for preparing a fluorinated organic compound (II) from an organic compound (I) comprising at least one nucleofugal group Nu, and also a preparation of different specific organic compounds, in particular a fluoro-methylpyrazole compound. The method comprises: a reaction, in the presence of water, of the organic compound (I) and at least one salt providing at least one fluoride anion; and a replacement of at least one nucleofugal group Nu of the compound (I) with a fluorine atom, in order to obtain the fluorinated organic compound (II).
    一种从含有至少一个亲核离开基团Nu的有机化合物(I)制备氟化有机化合物(II)的方法,以及制备不同特定有机化合物,特别是氟甲基吡唑化合物的方法。该方法包括:在水的存在下,有机化合物(I)与至少提供至少一个氟化物阴离子的盐的反应;以及将化合物(I)中至少一个亲核离开基团Nu替换为氟原子,以获得氟化有机化合物(II)。
  • A general synthetic route to pentaamminecobalt(III) complexes of N-bonded amides, ureas, carbamates, sulfinamides, sulfonamides and sulfamate
    作者:David P. Fairlie、W.Gregory Jackson
    DOI:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)84828-8
    日期:1990.9
    A general synthetic procedure for preparing stable cobalt(III) complexes containing selectively nitrogen-bonded ambidentate molecules e.g. amides, ureas, carbamates, sulfinamides, sulfonamides and sulfamate, is described. The method relies on the superior acidity of the nitrogen-bonded, relative to the oxygen-bonded, isomer and this is attributed to much better resonance stabilization of the anionic
    描述了用于制备稳定的钴(III)配合物的一般合成方法,所述配合物包含选择性地氮键合的双齿分子,例如酰胺,脲,氨基甲酸酯,亚磺酰胺,磺酰胺和氨基磺酸酯。该方法依赖于与氧键合的异构体相比,与氮键键合的异构体具有更高的酸度,这归因于与N键合时阴离子配体的更好的共振稳定性。因此,该方法应适用于其他金属离子的络合物。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
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ir
raman
  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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