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矮壮素 | 999-81-5

中文名称
矮壮素
中文别名
二氯胆碱;(2-氯乙基)三甲基氯化铵;氯代氯代胆碱;稻麦立;氯化氯胆碱;2-氯乙基三甲基氯化铵;氯化矮壮素;矮壮素水剂(50%)
英文名称
chlormequat chloride
英文别名
(2-chloroethyl)-trimethylammonium chloride;chlorocholine chloride;chloromequat-chloride;CCC;Standup;2-chloroethyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride
矮壮素化学式
CAS
999-81-5
化学式
C5H13ClN*Cl
mdl
——
分子量
158.071
InChiKey
UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    239-243 °C (dec.)(lit.)
  • 沸点:
    260.3°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.2228 (rough estimate)
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于DMSO(少许)、甲醇(少许)
  • 物理描述:
    Chlormequat chloride appears as white crystals with a fishlike odor. Used as a plant growth regulator. Said to be effective for cereal grains, tomatoes, and peppers. (EPA, 1998)
  • 颜色/状态:
    White cyrstalline solid
  • 气味:
    TYPICAL AMINE ODOR
  • 蒸汽压力:
    7.5X10-8 mm Hg at 20 °C
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    在常温常压下保持稳定,请避免与强氧化剂接触。
  • 分解:
    245 °C
  • 腐蚀性:
    Aqueous solutions are corrosive to metal
  • 表面张力:
    70.3 mN/m

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -2.06
  • 重原子数:
    8
  • 可旋转键数:
    2
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    1.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    1

ADMET

代谢
进行了一项实验,以评估含氯胆碱(CCC)在蛋鸡的蛋和肉中的代谢产物。将十只棕色蛋鸡随机分为两组,每组五只。一组提供不含(15)N-CCC的饲料,另一组在11天内接受含有100 ppm(15)N-CCC的饲料。收集蛋鸡的蛋和肉样本。将蛋黄和蛋白分离。从胸肉和大腿收集肉样。使用离子阱电喷雾电离质谱(ion trap-ESI-MS/MS)测量CCC的代谢产物。在蛋和肉中检测CCC或其代谢物,结果显示CCC代谢为胆碱。获得了m/z 104(胆碱)或105((15)N-胆碱)的相应MS/MS光谱,而在m/z 122(CCC)或123((15)N-CCC)处未检测到任何物质。这项研究的结果表明,CCC将在蛋鸡的组织中被代谢。
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the metabolic products of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) in eggs and meat of laying hens fed a diet containing (15)N-CCC. Ten brown laying hens were randomly divided into two groups of five each. One group was offered (15)N-CCC free diet while the other group received a diet with 100 ppm (15)N-CCC for 11 days. Samples of eggs and meat from the laying hens were collected. Egg yolks and albumen were separated. Meat was collected from the breast and femur. The metabolic products of CCC were measured using ion trap electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ion trap-ESI-MS/MS). Determination of CCC or its metabolites in eggs and meat showed that CCC was metabolized to choline. Corresponding MS/MS spectra were obtained for m/z 104 (choline) or 105 ((15)N-choline), whereas nothing was detected at m/z 122 (CCC) or 123 ((15)N-CCC). The results from this study indicate that CCC will be metabolized in tissues of laying hens.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
当使用(14)C标记的CCC施用到甘蓝、花椰菜或番茄上时,CCC的降解非常小。第一个产物很可能是胆碱,它进入了植物的代谢池。从胆碱中发现的小量标记甲基团以S-甲基蛋氨酸的形式存在。当CCC施用到甘蔗上时,并未发生降解。在紫花苜蓿中,CCC被缓慢代谢,并主要并入磷脂酰胆碱的胆碱中。
When (14)C-labeled CCC was applied to kohlrabi, cauliflower, or tomatoes, degradation of CCC was very small. The first product was probably choline which entered the plant pool. Small amounts of labeled methyl groups from choline were found as S-methyl methionine. CCC was not degraded when applied to sugarcane. In alfalfa, CCC was slowly metabolized and was primarily incorporated into choline of phosphatidylcholine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
杏仁幼苗用标记的CCC处理。观察到向叶片和根部的转移。(14)CO2在应用后2小时内形成。在17种已知的氨基酸、一种未知的阳性化合物、苹果酸、柠檬酸、胆碱和2-氯乙胺中观察到了放射性活性。
Almond seedlings were treated with labeled CCC. Translocation to leaves and to the roots was observed. (14)CO2 was formed within 2 h after application. Radioactivity was observed in 17 known amino acids, an unidentified ninhydrin positive compound, malic acid, citric acid, choline and 2-chloroethylamine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
当CCC在厌氧条件下在瘤胃内容物或瘤胃汁中孵化时,CCC的微生物降解不会发生。
When CCC was incubated in rumen contents or juice under anaerobic conditions, microbial degradation of CCC did not occur.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其气溶胶、通过皮肤和经口摄入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 吸入症状
见摄取。
See Ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 皮肤症状
可能被吸收!
MAY BE ABSORBED!
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 眼睛症状
红色。
Redness.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 摄入症状
过度流涎。出汗。腹泻。眩晕。头痛。呼吸困难。恶心。瞳孔收缩。
Excessive salivation. Sweating. Diarrhoea. Dizziness. Headache. Laboured breathing. Nausea. Pupillary constriction.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
吸收、分配和排泄
氯甲喹啉在四个母猪奶样中的含量范围为0.4 ng/g至1.2 ng/g...
Chlormequat was determined in four /sow/ milk samples in the range of 0.4 ng/g to 1.2 ng/g...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
使用15N-CCC研究了氯胆碱(CCC)在蛋鸡鸡蛋中的分布。本研究将12只37周龄的蛋鸡分为四组,包括三个饲养阶段。第一阶段(7天),所有蛋鸡接受不含CCC的饲料[165克CP/千克干物质(DM);11.58兆焦ME/千克DM]。第二阶段(11天),在相应饲料中添加四种15N-CCC水平:0、5、50和250 ppm,而在第三阶段(7天)再次提供不含CCC的饲料。采集鸡蛋样本,测定蛋黄和蛋白中的15N含量。第二阶段结束时,饲喂50和250 ppm CCC饲料的蛋鸡的蛋黄中15N含量显著增加(p < 0.05),以及饲喂250 ppm CCC饲料的蛋鸡的蛋白中15N含量也显著增加。估计的15N-CCC残留量分别为:蛋黄中1.71、6.64、28.80 ppm,蛋白中1.58、1.08和4.50 ppm,分别对应于饲喂5、50和250 ppm CCC的蛋鸡。从定量分析得出的CCC残留量在饲喂50和250 ppm CCC的蛋鸡蛋黄中分别为0.21至0.93 ppm和0.93至2.43 ppm,而在饲喂250 ppm CCC的蛋鸡蛋白中为0.40-1.46 ppm。实测蛋黄和蛋白中的CCC与从15N-CCC估计的CCC之间的差异可能是由于15N-CCC的分解产物。停用15N-CCC后7天,估计的15N-CCC残留量在蛋黄中分别降至0.43、2.45和15.59 ppm,分别对应于5、50和250 ppm CCC的饲料处理,而在蛋白中降至2.46 ppm,对应于饲喂250 ppm CCC的蛋鸡。15N含量的较高增加可能是由于在快速蛋黄沉积过程中,15N-CCC更多地被并入蛋黄而不是蛋白。该实验表明,摄入的CCC以剂量依赖性方式分布在蛋黄和蛋白中,并且CCC在蛋鸡中被代谢。然而,观察到导致鸡蛋中积累可检测CCC水平的饲料中CCC水平,远高于已建立的谷物中最大残留限量。
The distribution of Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) in the eggs of laying hens was studied using 15N-CCC. Twelve layers (37 weeks old) were divided into four groups and used in this study consisting of three feeding phases. In phase one (7 days), all the hens received a CCC-free diet [165 g CP/kg dry matter (DM); 11.58 MJ ME/kg DM]. In phase two (11 days), four levels of 15N-CCC: 0, 5, 50 and 250 ppm were added to the respective diets, while in phase three (7 days), CCC-free feed was again offered. Egg samples were taken and the 15N content of egg yolk and albumin were determined. At the end of phase two, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in 15N content in egg yolk from hens fed the 50 and 250 ppm CCC diets and in albumin from hens fed the 250 ppm CCC diet. The estimated 15N-CCC residue was 1.71, 6.64, 28.80 ppm in egg yolk and 1.58, 1.08 and 4.50 ppm in albumin from hens fed 5, 50 and 250 ppm CCC, respectively. The CCC residue, from quantitative analysis ranged from 0.21 to 0.93 and 0.93 to 2.43 ppm in yolk of hens fed 50 and 250 ppm CCC, respectively, whereas a range of 0.40-1.46 ppm, was found in the albumin of hens fed 250 ppm. The difference in measured CCC in yolk and albumin and that estimated from 15N-CCC could have been due to breakdown products of 15N-CCC. Seven days after withdrawal of 15N-CCC, the estimated 15N-CCC residue in egg yolk decreased to 0.43, 2.45 and 15.59 ppm, on 5, 50 and 250 ppm CCC dietary treatments, respectively, and to 2.46 ppm in albumin from hens fed 250 ppm CCC. The higher increase in 15N content could have been due to a higher incorporation of 15N-CCC into yolk than albumin during the process of rapid yolk deposition. This experiment showed that consumed CCC is distributed both into yolk and albumin in a dose dependent manner and that CCC is metabolized in laying hens. However, the level of CCC in the diet which could lead to accumulation of detectable CCC levels in eggs as observed in this study, is much higher than the established maximum residual limits in grains.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在哺乳动物中,口服给药后,97%在24小时内被消除,主要是以未改变的物质形式。
In mammals, following oral administration, 97% is eliminated within 24 hr, principally as the unchanged substance.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    6.1
  • 危险品标志:
    Xn
  • 安全说明:
    S36/37
  • 危险类别码:
    R21/22
  • WGK Germany:
    2
  • 海关编码:
    2923900011
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
  • 危险类别:
    6.1
  • RTECS号:
    BP5250000
  • 包装等级:
    III
  • 危险标志:
    GHS07
  • 危险性描述:
    H302 + H312
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P280
  • 储存条件:
    请将容器密封储存于阴凉、干燥处。

SDS

SDS:b0fe92df4dd8049c235b8bfe207b481f
查看

制备方法与用途

矮壮素是一种常用的植物生长调节剂,主要用于控制作物的生长高度,减少倒伏风险,并提高作物的抗逆性。其主要特点和应用如下:

主要特点:
  1. 抑制茎秆伸长:通过抑制顶端分生组织中赤霉素的生物合成来实现。
  2. 增加植物密度:使植株变矮、茎秆粗壮,有利于田间管理和收获。
  3. 提高抗逆性:增强作物对干旱、寒冷及盐碱环境的适应能力。
  4. 提高产量和品质:通过合理使用可以显著提高作物产量并改善果实或种子的质量。
主要应用:
  • 棉花:在蕾铃期进行2-3次喷雾,浓度一般为20~50mg/L。
  • 小麦:用0.15%~0.3%药液浸种6~12小时或叶面喷施。
  • 玉米、水稻、烟草、番茄等经济作物及蔬菜类植物:使用50%水剂200~500倍液在适宜时期喷雾。
生产方法:

矮壮素的合成通常是通过三甲胺与二氯乙烷(或甲苯)进行缩合反应制备而成。具体步骤如下:

  1. 将原料按比例混合,并在特定温度和压力条件下反应。
  2. 反应过程中需严格控制升温速率,以确保安全和提高产率。
  3. 反应结束后通过蒸馏等方法回收溶剂并分离产品。
安全与储存:
  • 毒性分级:高毒
  • 急性毒性:大鼠口服LD50为600毫克/公斤;小鼠口服LD50为54毫克/公斤。
  • 刺激性: 皮肤接触引起轻度刺激反应。
  • 储运要求:应存放在通风良好、干燥低温环境中,且与食品原料严格分开。
其他注意事项:
  1. 在使用过程中应注意个人防护措施,避免直接接触皮肤或吸入粉尘。
  2. 避免与其他碱性农药混合施用。
  3. 使用前需详细阅读产品说明书及安全数据表(MSDS),确保按照推荐浓度正确操作。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    矮壮素 在 alkali propanoate 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 反应 3.0h, 以97%的产率得到2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium propionate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Ionic liquids based on 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride (CCC) as plant growth regulators
    摘要:
    标题:摘要 植物生长调节剂——氯乙基三甲基铵盐(CCC)在交换反应中转化为离子液体。CCC的新形式作为离子液体在空气中以及与水和有机溶剂接触时都是稳定的。在离子液体中,阳离子(CCC)的生物作用得以保留。阴离子的类型决定了整个分子的亲水性和疏水性,并且也影响了植物生长调节剂的生物活性。所有研究的盐类都抑制了冬小麦茎的生长,大多数在与对照组和标准的氯乙基三甲基铵盐相比时同时增加了产量。
    DOI:
    10.2478/s11532-013-0309-1
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    氯化胆碱氯化亚砜氯仿 作用下, 生成 矮壮素
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Ford-Moore; Ing, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1947, p. 59
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Murofushi, Noboru; Shigematsu, Yoshio; Nagura, Shigehiro, Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 1982, vol. 46, # 9, p. 2305 - 2312
    摘要:
    DOI:
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文献信息

  • [EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
    申请人:GILEAD APOLLO LLC
    公开号:WO2017075056A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-05-04
    The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
    本发明提供了化合物I和II,这些化合物可用作乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的抑制剂,以及它们的组合物和使用方法。
  • [EN] BICYCLYL-SUBSTITUTED ISOTHIAZOLINE COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ISOTHIAZOLINE SUBSTITUÉS PAR UN BICYCLYLE
    申请人:BASF SE
    公开号:WO2014206910A1
    公开(公告)日:2014-12-31
    The present invention relates to bicyclyl-substituted isothiazoline compounds of formula (I) wherein the variables are as defined in the claims and description. The compounds are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to an agricultural and a veterinary composition comprising said compounds.
    本发明涉及公式(I)中变量如索权和说明中所定义的自行车基取代异噻唑啉化合物。这些化合物对抗或控制无脊椎动物害虫,特别是节肢动物害虫和线虫方面具有用途。该发明还涉及一种通过使用这些化合物来控制无脊椎动物害虫的方法,以及包含所述化合物的植物繁殖材料、农业和兽医组合物。
  • TRIAZOLE ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF
    申请人:Gilead Apollo, LLC
    公开号:US20170166584A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-06-15
    The present invention provides triazole compounds useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
    本发明提供了三唑化合物,可用作乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的抑制剂,以及其组合物和使用方法。
  • Molecules having pesticidal utility, and intermediates, compositions, and processes, related thereto
    申请人:Dow AgroSciences LLC
    公开号:US20180279612A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-10-04
    This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”).
    这份披露涉及具有对节肢动物门、软体动物门和线虫门害虫具有杀虫效用的分子领域,用于生产此类分子的过程,用于此类过程的中间体,含有此类分子的杀虫组合物,以及使用此类杀虫组合物对抗此类害虫的过程。这些杀虫组合物可以用作螨虫剂、杀虫剂、螨虫剂、软体动物杀虫剂和线虫杀虫剂。本文件披露了具有以下式(“式一”)的分子。
  • 3-AMINOXALYL-AMINOBENZAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND INSECTICIDAL AND MITICIDAL AGENTS CONTAINING SAME AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT
    申请人:Usui Shuichi
    公开号:US20120022263A1
    公开(公告)日:2012-01-26
    The present invention herein provides a 3-aminooxalylaminobenzamide derivative which is used as an insecticide or miticide. The 3-aminooxalylaminobenzamide derivative is one represented by the following general formula [1]: (R 1 and R 2 each represent, for instance, a C 1 to C 3 alkoxy group or a C 1 to C 3 haloalkoxy group; R 3 and R 4 each represent, for instance, a C 1 to C 8 alkyl group or a C 1 to C 8 haloalkyl group; R 5 represents, for instance, a C 1 to C 5 haloalkyl group; R 6 and R 7 each represent, for instance, a hydrogen atom or a C 1 to C 5 alkyl group; Y represents, for instance, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; Z represents, for instance, a hydrogen atom; n is an integer ranging from 0 to 4 and m is an integer ranging from 0 to 2).
    本发明提供了一种用作杀虫剂或杀螨剂的3-氨基草酰胺基苯甲酰衍生物。 3-氨基草酰胺基苯甲酰衍生物由以下通用式[1]表示: (R1和R2分别表示,例如,C1到C3烷氧基或C1到C3卤代烷氧基;R3和R4分别表示,例如,C1到C8烷基或C1到C8卤代烷基;R5表示,例如,C1到C5卤代烷基;R6和R7分别表示,例如,氢原子或C1到C5烷基;Y表示,例如,氢原子或卤原子;Z表示,例如,氢原子;n是一个范围从0到4的整数,m是一个范围从0到2的整数)。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
cnmr
ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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同类化合物

(N-(2-甲基丙-2-烯-1-基)乙烷-1,2-二胺) (4-(苄氧基)-2-(哌啶-1-基)吡啶咪丁-5-基)硼酸 (11-巯基十一烷基)-,,-三甲基溴化铵 鼠立死 鹿花菌素 鲸蜡醇硫酸酯DEA盐 鲸蜡硬脂基二甲基氯化铵 鲸蜡基胺氢氟酸盐 鲸蜡基二甲胺盐酸盐 高苯丙氨醇 高箱鲀毒素 高氯酸5-(二甲氨基)-1-({(E)-[4-(二甲氨基)苯基]甲亚基}氨基)-2-甲基吡啶正离子 高氯酸2-氯-1-({(E)-[4-(二甲氨基)苯基]甲亚基}氨基)-6-甲基吡啶正离子 高氯酸2-(丙烯酰基氧基)-N,N,N-三甲基乙铵 马诺地尔 马来酸氢十八烷酯 马来酸噻吗洛尔EP杂质C 马来酸噻吗洛尔 马来酸倍他司汀 顺式环己烷-1,3-二胺盐酸盐 顺式氯化锆二乙腈 顺式吡咯烷-3,4-二醇盐酸盐 顺式双(3-甲氧基丙腈)二氯铂(II) 顺式3,4-二氟吡咯烷盐酸盐 顺式1-甲基环丙烷1,2-二腈 顺式-二氯-反式-二乙酸-氨-环己胺合铂 顺式-二抗坏血酸(外消旋-1,2-二氨基环己烷)铂(II)水合物 顺式-N,2-二甲基环己胺 顺式-4-甲氧基-环己胺盐酸盐 顺式-4-环己烯-1.2-二胺 顺式-4-氨基-2,2,2-三氟乙酸环己酯 顺式-2-甲基环己胺 顺式-2-(苯基氨基)环己醇 顺式-2-(氨基甲基)-1-苯基环丙烷羧酸盐酸盐 顺式-1,3-二氨基环戊烷 顺式-1,2-环戊烷二胺 顺式-1,2-环丁腈 顺式-1,2-双氨甲基环己烷 顺式--N,N'-二甲基-1,2-环己二胺 顺式-(R,S)-1,2-二氨基环己烷铂硫酸盐 顺式-(2-氨基-环戊基)-甲醇 顺-2-戊烯腈 顺-1,3-环己烷二胺 顺-1,3-双(氨甲基)环己烷 顺,顺-丙二腈 非那唑啉 靛酚钠盐 靛酚 霜霉威盐酸盐 霜脲氰