Calcium cyclamate | 139-06-0

• 物质功能分类: 有机原料 - 氨基化合物 - 磺酸类氨基化合物
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 氨基磺酸衍生物
• 英文名称: Calcium cyclamate
• 英文别名: calcium;N-cyclohexylsulfamate
• CAS: 139-06-0
• 化学式: C12H24CaN2O6S2
• 分子量: 396.5
• InChiKey: UKLJMHXGZUJRTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L

物化性质

• 颜色/状态：
  Crystalline solid
• 味道：
  Strong, sweet taste
• 溶解度：
  SOL IN AQ SOLN OF SORBITOL; 25 G SOL IN 100 ML 25% ALCOHOL; 2.4 G SOL IN 100 ML 90% ETHYL ALCOHOL
• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of sulfoxides and nitroxides.
• 稳定性/保质期：

  以下是润色后的文本：

  140℃下加热2小时会失去结晶水，至500℃时开始分解。它味道非常甜，其稀溶液的甜度约为蔗糖的30倍。10%的水溶液pH值在5.5到7.5之间，对热、光和空气都具有很好的稳定性。加热后会有苦味，在水中呈钙离子强电解质状态，并能与果汁中的有机酸反应，还能使乳中蛋白质凝固。

  鉴别试验如下：溶于水并略溶于乙醇。根据OT-42方法测定。将1%的试样液10毫升加入盐酸1毫升后混合，再加氯化钡试液(TS-37)1毫升。所得溶液应保持澄清；若再加入亚硝酸钠试液(TS-226)1毫升，则应出现白色沉淀。钙试验结果呈阳性。

  含量分析步骤为：精确称取约0.4克样品，溶解于50毫升水中并加入5毫升稀盐酸试液(TS-117)制成的混合溶液中。使用0.1摩尔/升亚硝酸钠滴定至终点。当滴定至最后1毫升滴定液时，逐滴加入，其终点由粘有碘化淀粉试纸的玻璃棒伸入被滴定液中时立即出现蓝色确定；或用电位滴定法确定终点。滴定完全后，被滴定液体维持1分钟后仍能重现上述终点现象。每毫升0.1摩尔/升亚硝酸钠溶液相当于环己基氨基磺酸钙(C12H24CaN2O6S2)19.83毫克（以干基计）。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.36
• 重原子数：
  23
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  155
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  8

ADMET

代谢

/钙/ 环己烷磺酸钠标记有(35)S或(14)C，在人及实验室动物体内几乎完全不变地通过尿液和粪便排出，尽管在...环己胺（0.7%剂量）已在口服给药的人和大鼠尿液中被发现...

/CALCIUM/ CYCLAMATE LABELLED WITH (35)S OR (14)C IS EXCRETED BY MAN & LABORATORY ANIMALS ALMOST ENTIRELY UNCHANGED, IN URINE & FECES, ALTHOUGH TRACES OF...CYCLOHEXYLAMINE (0.7% DOSE) HAVE BEEN FOUND IN URINE OF HUMANS & DOGS DOSED ORALLY...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

在大鼠体内发生的生物转化...是由肠道微生物群引起的。当长期给予环己烷酸时，人类和动物体内的肠道微生物群获得了将环己烷酸代谢为环己胺的能力。/环己烷酸/

...BIOTRANSFORMATION IN RATS...IS BROUGHT ABOUT BY GUT MICROFLORA. ...GUT MICROFLORA IN MAN & IN ANIMALS ACQUIRE CAPACITY TO METABOLIZE CYCLAMATE INTO CYCLOHEXYLAMINE, WHEN CYCLAMATE IS ADMIN CHRONICALLY. /CYCLAMATE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

肠道微生物，成为环己烷磺酸盐“转化者”的是大鼠的梭菌、兔子的肠杆菌和人类的肠球菌。/环己烷磺酸盐/

GUT MICRO-ORGANISMS, WHICH BECOME CYCLAMATE "CONVERTERS" ARE CLOSTRIDIA IN RATS, ENTEROBACTERIA IN RABBITS, & ENTEROCOCCI IN MAN. /CYCLAMATE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

两组断奶大鼠被喂养了8个月...一组喂食基础饲料，另一组喂食含有0.1% 氯环己烷磺酸盐的饲料...然后通过胃管给予单剂量的(14)C-环己烷磺酸盐。 ...在11只喂食环己烷磺酸盐的大鼠中，有7只将环己烷磺酸盐转化为环己胺，转化为尿液中的总(14)C的12-25%。 其中2份尿液中检测到了微量二环己胺的痕迹...

...2 GROUPS OF WEANLING RATS WERE FED FOR 8 MO...WITH CHOW DIET OR...DIET CONTAINING 0.1% CA CYCLAMATE...THEN A SINGLE DOSE OF (14)C-CYCLAMATE BY STOMACH TUBE. ...7/11 CYCLAMATE-FED RATS CONVERTED CYCLAMATE INTO CYCLOHEXYLAMINE, TO...12-25% OF TOTAL (14)C IN URINE. 2 OF THE URINES CONTAINED TRACES OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

当豚鼠、兔子、老鼠和人类被放置在含有环己烷酸钙的饮食中时，它们发展出了将口服环己烷酸盐转化为环己胺及其代谢物的能力。

WHEN GUINEA PIGS, RABBITS, RATS, & HUMANS WERE PLACED ON A DIET CONTAINING CALCIUM CYCLAMATE THEY DEVELOPED THE ABILITY TO CONVERT ORALLY ADMIN CYCLAMATE INTO CYCLOHEXYLAMINE & THE METABOLITES OF THE LATTER.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

一名女性患者服用了大量CA环己烷磺酸盐，出现了光敏性皮炎和与低磷血症相关的肾小管酸中毒。

A WOMAN PATIENTS WHO TOOK LARGE AMT OF CA CYCLAMATE HAD A PHOTOSENSITIVE DERMATITIS & RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

3名患者描述了在长期摄入异常高量的环己烷磺酸钠甜味剂后发展成了膀胱尿路上皮癌，病情的严重程度与摄入的剂量成正比。

3 PATIENTS DESCRIBED DEVELOPED VESICAL CARCINOMA OF BLADDER AFTER PROLONGED PERIOD OF INGESTION OF UNUSUALLY HIGH AMT OF CYCLAMATE SWEETNER, SEVERITY APPEARED IN PROPORTION TO DOSE INGESTED.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

一项流行病学研究旨在阐明人工甜味剂糖精和环己烷氨基磺酸在人类膀胱癌中可能的作用已经完成。在巴尔的摩大都会区（美国）的519名经组织病理学确诊为膀胱癌的患者和同样数量的匹配对照中，这些物质每一种的先前摄入量在频率、数量或持续时间上均没有显著差异。在同时调整吸烟、职业、年龄、糖尿病和许多其他潜在混杂因素的影响后，这些正常发现仍然存在。随着人工甜味剂暴露量的增加，膀胱癌的相对风险并未增加，这进一步证实了这些正常发现。至少在患者样本报告的适度饮食摄入水平上，糖精和环己烷氨基磺酸都不太可能是人类的致癌物。

An epidemiologic study designed to elucidate the possible roles of the artificial sweeteners saccharin and cyclamate in human urinary bladder cancer was completed. The previous intake of each of these substances among 519 patients with histopathologically confirmed bladder cancer and an equal number of matching controls in metropolitan Baltimore (USA) did not differ significantly in frequency, quantity or duration. These normal findings persisted after simultaneous adjustment for the effects of smoking, occupation, age, diabetes mellitus and a number of other potentially confounding factors. They are substantiated by the failure of the relative risk of bladder cancer to increase with increasing exposure to artificial sweeteners. Neither saccharin nor cyclamate is likely to be carcinogenic in man, at least at the moderate dietary ingestion levels reported by the patient sample.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

体内，环己烷磺酸盐会转化为环己胺，它本身或经过生物转化后可能提供一种终极致癌物。/环己烷磺酸盐/

IN VIVO, CYCLAMATE IS CONVERTED INTO CYCLOHEXYLAMINE WHICH PER SE OR AFTER BIOTRANSFORMATION MAY PROVIDE AN ULTIMATE CARCINOGEN. /CYCLAMATE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

在小剂量时，环己烷磺酸钠（糖精）是无毒的，但是高剂量（占饮食的5%）喂食给大鼠会导致腹泻并延缓生长。

IN SMALL DOSES /CALCIUM/ CYCLAMATE IS NON-TOXIC, BUT HIGH DOSES (5% OF DIET) FED TO RATS CAUSE DIARRHEA & RETARD GROWTH.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

以前被认为在代谢上是稳定的。当给豚鼠、家兔、大鼠和人类口服时，在无环己烷酸盐的饮食中，它大部分以未改变的形式被排出。/环己烷酸盐/

...PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT TO BE METABOLICALLY STABLE. WHEN GIVEN ORALLY TO GUINEA PIGS, RABBITS, RATS, & HUMANS ON CYCLAMATE-FREE DIET IT IS EXCRETED LARGELY UNCHANGED. /CYCLAMATE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

肠道中形成的环己基胺几乎完全被吸收并通过尿液排出，相比之下，环己烷磺酸钠的吸收率仅为20-40%。/环己烷磺酸钠/

...CYCLOHEXYLAMINE FORMED IN INTESTINE IS ALMOST COMPLETELY ABSORBED & EXCRETED IN URINE, IN COMPARISON TO CYCLAMATE, WHICH IS ABSORBED TO AN EXTENT OF ONLY 20-40%. /CYCLAMATE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

环己烷磺酸钠（14C-CYCLAMATE）通过静脉给药给进行治疗性流产的妇女，在妊娠早期通过腹部子宫切除术穿过胎盘并在胎儿组织中分散，尤其是在肝脏、脾脏、胰腺和肾脏中。母体血液中的水平迅速下降，表明环己烷磺酸钠被非常迅速地消除。

...(14)C-CYCLAMATE, GIVEN IV TO WOMEN UNDERGOING THERAPEUTIC ABORTION, BY ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY DURING EARLY PREGNANCY, CROSSED PLACENTA & DISPERSED IN FETAL TISSUES, PARTICULARLY IN LIVER, SPLEEN, PANCREAS, & KIDNEYS. ...MATERNAL BLOOD LEVELS...FELL RAPIDLY...INDICATING VERY RAPID ELIMINATION... /CYCLAMATE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

环己基胺的每日最大排泄量...占每日环己烷摄入量的0.1%至0.9%(5克);环己基胺的尿排泄不稳定，在停止给药后持续3-4天。/环己烷/

MAX DAILY EXCRETION OF CYCLOHEXYLAMINE...RANGED FROM 0.1 TO 0.9% OF DAILY CYCLAMATE INTAKE (5 G); URINARY OUTPUT OF CYCLOHEXYLAMINE WAS ERRATIC & CONTINUED FOR 3-4 DAYS AFTER ADMIN HAD CEASED. /CYCLAMATE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  Xn
• 安全说明：
  S26,S36
• 危险类别码：
  R36/37/38
• 危险品运输编号：
  25kgs

制备方法与用途

根据提供的信息，我可以总结并回答有关环己基氨基磺酸钙的关键性质和用途：

化学性质：

• 外观与气味：白色结晶或结晶性粉末，几乎无臭。
• 溶解度：易溶于水（1g/4ml），微溶于乙醇（1g/60ml），溶于丙二醇（1g/1.5ml）, 几乎不溶于苯、氯仿和乙醚。
• 稳定性: 对热、光、空气均稳定。140℃下2小时失去结晶水，500℃时分解。其稀溶液的pH值为5.5～7.5。

物理性质：

• 口味非常甜，其稀溶液的甜度约为蔗糖的30倍。

用途与应用领域：

• 无营养型甜味剂：作为食品添加剂使用。
• 工业用途: 能够应用于烘焙、糖果、冷冻饮品等多个食品加工行业。

安全特性：

• 毒性级别：高毒。
• 急性毒性：口服LD50（半数致死剂量）大鼠和小鼠分别为10毫克/公斤。
• 可燃性危险品：热分解时会释放有毒的硫氧化物、氮氧化物烟雾。因此，在储存运输过程中需要库房保持低温通风干燥状态。

生产方法：

生产该物质的方法是从环己基氨基磺酸化环己基胺与氢氧化钙进行置换反应而来。

综上所述，环己基氨基磺酸钙是一种具有特殊应用价值的无营养型甜味剂，但也因其高毒性特性需严格遵守安全储存和使用规范。

文献信息

• NOVEL COCRYSTALLIZATION
  申请人：CHILDS Scott L.

  公开号：US20090281195A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-11-12

  The present disclosure relates to novel cocrystals and novel methods for cocrystallization. In particular, the disclosure includes cocrystals comprising a salt of an active agent, such as a chloride salt of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing cocrystals and methods for screening for solid state phases.

  本公开涉及新型共晶体和新型共晶化方法。具体而言，公开包括由活性剂的盐组成的共晶体，例如活性药物成分的氯化物盐。本公开还涉及制备共晶体的方法和筛选固态相的方法。
• Mixture of fructose-containing sweeteners with ternary of quaternary high-intensity sweetener blends
  申请人：Nutrinova Nutrition Specialties & Food Ingredients GmbH

  公开号：EP1764004A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-03-21

  This invention relates to reduced-calorie sweetener compositions used to produce foodstuffs that advantageously exhibit a sweetness and taste profile comparable to sugar. The sweetener compositions advantageously include at least one fructose-containing sweetener along with an effective amount of a high intensity sweetener composition. The high intensity sweetener composition includes acesulfame K, aspartame, sucralose and optionally cyclamate. Foodstuffs formed using the reduced-calorie sweetener compositions of the invention exhibit a calorie reduction of 50 % or more.

  本发明涉及用于生产食品的低热量甜味剂组合物，这些食品的甜度和口感可与糖媲美。这种甜味剂组合物包括至少一种含果糖的甜味剂和有效量的高浓度甜味剂组合物。高甜度甜味剂组合物包括安赛蜜 K、阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖和可选的甜蜜素。使用本发明的低热量甜味剂组合物制成的食品可减少 50% 或更多的热量。
• COSMETIC COMPOSITION BASED ON ACROYL TAURATE TYPE POLYMERS
  申请人：Clariant International Ltd

  公开号：EP4008406A1

  公开（公告）日：2022-06-08

  The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition comprising (A) at least one polymer comprising sulfonic groups, (B) at least one emollient, (C) at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of at least one conditioning agent, at least one solubilizing agent, at least one emulsifier, and a combination of two or more thereof, and (D) water. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of such cosmetic composition for hair and/or skin care.

  本发明涉及一种化妆品组合物，该组合物包含：(A) 至少一种包含磺酸基团的聚合物；(B) 至少一种润肤剂；(C) 至少一种选自至少一种调理剂、至少一种增溶剂、至少一种乳化剂和其中两种或两种以上的组合的成分；(D) 水。此外，本发明还涉及将此类化妆品组合物用于头发和/或皮肤护理。
• Use of a bio-based polymer in a cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical composition
  申请人：Clariant International Ltd.

  公开号：US11311473B2

  公开（公告）日：2022-04-26

  The present invention relates to the use of a polymer in a cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical composition, wherein the polymer is crosslinked or non-crosslinked, characterized in that the polymer comprises at least 9.49 mol-% of repeating units (a) according to Formula (1) wherein at least 10 wt.-%, preferably at least 20 wt.-% of the repeating units according to Formula (1) comprise from 28 wt.-% to 100 wt.-% bio-based carbon content, relative to the total mass of carbon in the repeating unit according to Formula (1), measured according to standard ASTM D6866-12, Method B

  本发明涉及一种聚合物在化妆品、皮肤病学或药物组合物中的用途，其中该聚合物是交联的或非交联的，其特征在于该聚合物包含至少 9.49 mol-% 的符合式（1）的重复单元(a)，其中至少 10 wt.-%，优选至少 20 wt.-%的符合式（1）的重复单元包含 28 wt.-% 至 100 wt.-% 的生物基碳含量。根据标准 ASTM D6866-12，方法 B 测定，相对于根据式（1）的重复单元中碳的总质量，至少 10 wt.-%，优选至少 20 wt.-%的根据式（1）的重复单元包含 28 wt.-% 至 100 wt.-%的生物基碳含量。
• Screening for solid forms by ultrasound crystallization and cocrystallization using ultrasound
  申请人：Aptuit (West Lafayette), LLC

  公开号：EP2292585B1

  公开（公告）日：2016-04-27