Preparation of (E)- and (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenoic acids
申请人:——
公开号:US20040224395A1
公开(公告)日:2004-11-11
A method has been developed to prepare (E)- and (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenoic acids (2M2BA) from a mixture of (E,Z)-2-methyl-2-butenenitriles (2M2BN) by the regioselective hydrolysis of (E)-2M2BN to (E)-2-methyl-2-butenoicacid (2M2BA) using enzyme catalysts having either a nitrilase activity or a combination of nitrile hydratase and amidase activities. The method provides high yields without significant conversion of (Z)-2M2BN to (Z)-2M2BA. The regioselective hydrolysis of (E)-2M2BN to (E)-2M2BA makes possible the facile separation of (E)-2M2BA from (Z)-2M2BN or (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenamide (2M2BAm), and the subsequent conversion of (Z)-2M2BN or (Z)-2M2BAm to (Z)-2M2BA.
Saturated and unsaturated N-Alkamides exhibiting taste and flavor enhancement effect in flavor compositions
申请人:International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc.
公开号:EP1642886B1
公开(公告)日:2016-11-16
Cyanation of allylic carbonates and acetates using trimethylsilyl cyanide catalyzed by palladium complex
作者:Yasushi Tsuji、Naoaki Yamada、Shinsuke Tanaka
DOI:10.1021/jo00053a007
日期:1993.1
Allylic carbonates and acetates are cyanated with trimethylsilyl cyanide in the presence of a catalytic amount (5 mol % based on the allylic substrates) of Pd(PPh3)4 or Pd(CO)(PPh3)3 in THF under reflux to afford beta,gamma-unsaturated nitriles in high yields.
KANAI, TAKAYA;KANAGAWA, YOSHINORI;ISHII, YASUTAKA, J. ORG. CHEM., 55,(1990) N0, C. 3274-3277