Photoinitiated ambient temperature copper-catalyzed atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) and cyclization (ATRC) reactions in the presence of free-radical diazo initiator (AIBN)
作者:Marielle Nicole C. Balili、Tomislav Pintauer
DOI:10.1039/c0dt01764g
日期:——
monoadduct was obtained in lower yields in the ATRA of less active halogenated compounds, which was mostly due to incomplete alkene conversions. Ambient temperature ATRA of CCl4 to various 1,6-dienes followed by sequential ATRC was also performed in the presence of UV light using [CuII(TPMA)Cl][Cl] complex and AIBN. High yields of the 5-exo-trig cyclic product were obtained for all dienes with preferential
Copper-catalyzed atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) and cyclization (ATRC) reactions in the presence of environmentally benign ascorbic acid as a reducing agent
作者:Matthew J. W. Taylor、William T. Eckenhoff、Tomislav Pintauer
DOI:10.1039/c0dt01157f
日期:——
In recent years, copper-catalyzed atom transfer radicaladdition (ATRA) has emerged as a viable organic procedure for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds starting from alkyl halides and alkenes. Studies have primarily focused on the use of free-radicalinitiators to regenerate the copper(I) complex or activator in situ. Although these initiators led to a significant decrease in the amount of metal
最近几年, 铜催化的原子转移自由基加成(ATRA)已成为一种可行的有机方法,用于形成 碳–碳从卤代烷和烯烃开始的键。研究主要集中于使用自由基引发剂来再生自由基。铜(I)原位复合物或活化剂。尽管这些引发剂大大减少了金属催化剂的用量,但对于容易进行自由基聚合的高活性烯烃而言,它们的效力要差得多。在这项研究中,非自由基还原剂抗坏血酸(通常称为维生素C)被有效地利用,导致多卤代化合物与α-烯烃的均相ATRA中的TONs高达15200,并能够选择性地形成高活性烯烃,例如 丙烯腈(吨数高达11 800)。相对于底物而言,低至7-20 mol%的抗坏血酸就足以检测所有ATRA和ATRC反应。此外,所有选定合成的产物分离都非常容易且接近定量,仅需简单的液-液萃取技术即可。还通过1 H NMR和UV / Vis光谱动力学检查了抗坏血酸存在下的反应。观察到半数速率对还原剂浓度的依赖性,但是随着抗坏血酸浓度的增
Synthesis of polyhaloalkyl-substituted azoles
作者:G. A. Shvekhgeimer、K. I. Kobrakov、O. S. Kartseva、L. V. Balabanova
DOI:10.1007/bf00474234
日期:1991.3
Copper(<scp>ii</scp>) complexes of quinoline-based ligands for efficient photoredox catalysis of atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) reaction
using the complexes generated in situ from a mixture of common copper(II) halides and the ligand. The photoelectrochemical properties of the copper(II)-quinoline complexes suggest their effective reduction by light-induced homolysis to form the corresponding active copper(I) species without the necessity of an external reducing agent. Excellent yields of regio- and stereoselective addition products (>20
合成了喹啉基配体的铜( II )配合物,并研究了它们在卤代烃与烯烃的原子转移自由基加成(ATRA)反应中的催化性能。在室温下的白光照射下,配合物有效地催化加成反应并抑制烯烃的自由基聚合。通过使用由普通卤化铜( II )和配体的混合物原位产生的配合物,可以方便地进行反应。铜( II )-喹啉配合物的光电化学性质表明它们通过光致均裂有效还原形成相应的活性铜( I) 不需要外部还原剂的物种。通过使用 1 mol% 或更少的催化剂,可以获得优异的区域和立体选择性加成产物(>20 个实例)。评估了常用添加剂 AIBN 和 Na 2 CO 3的作用,表明这些添加剂通过防止反应过程中 HX 的积累来减轻催化剂中毒。