efficient method for the solvolysis of stericallyhindered esters under high pressure is described. Transesterification is carried out in the presence of DBU at room temperature and at a pressure of 10 kbar to give quantitative conversions within short reaction times. The substrates examined included aromatic and aliphatic esters of stericallyhindered alcohols and phenols. An optically pure benzyl ester
AbstractWe report the first successful allylation of aromatic esters by allyltrimethylsilane. The reaction is mediated by 0.3–1.0 equiv. of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) at room temperature and leads in a multi‐step, one‐pot reaction to quaternary triallylmethane derivatives 5. The most efficient ester possessed two ortho‐methoxy substituents on the phenol ring. Molecular modelling revealed the ability of this compound to form a bidentate titanium complex, thus improving the steric accessibility of the ester carbonyl to nucleophilic attack.magnified image
Some Reactions of 2,6-Dialkylphenols<sup>1</sup>
作者:T. H. Coffield、A. H. Filbey、G. G. Ecke、A. J. Kolka
DOI:10.1021/ja01575a051
日期:1957.9
Propofol Analogues. Synthesis, Relationships between Structure and Affinity at GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptor in Rat Brain, and Differential Electrophysiological Profile at Recombinant Human GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptors
A number of propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) congeners and derivatives were synthesized and their in vitro capability to affect GABA(A) receptors determined by the inhibition of the specific [S-35]-tert-butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([S-35]TBPS) binding to rat whole brain membranes. Introduction of halogen (Cl, Br, and I) and benzoyl substituents in the para position of the phenyl group resulted in ligands with higher potency at inhibiting [S-35]TBPS binding. A quantitative structure-affinity relationship (QSAR) study demonstrated that affinity is enhanced by increases in lipophilicity of the ligand whereas affinity is adversely affected by increases in size of the substituent para to the phenolic hydroxyl group. Consistent with the displacement of [S-35]TBPS and with the activation of GABA(A) receptors, we demonstrate that ligands displaying high affinity (i.e., 2-4, and 8) are able to increase GABA-stimulated chloride currents in oocytes expressing human GABA(A) receptors and to directly activate chloride currents in an electrophysiological assay. Among them, compound 4 showed a rather peculiar profile in the electrophysiological examination with cloned alpha(1) beta(2) gamma(2) GABA(A) receptors. Indeed, compared to propofol, it displayed a much greater efficacy at potentiating GABA-elicited chloride currents, but a much lower efficacy at producing a direct activation of the chloride channel in the absence of GABA. This behavior may give to compound 4 pharmacological properties that are more similar to anxiolytic and anticonvulsant drugs than to those of general anesthetics.
PROCESS FOR THE PURIFICATION OF 2,6-DIISOPROPYLPHENOL