Synthesis and Reactivity of Imide-Derived Bisvinyl Phosphates. Reactivity of 2,6-Disubstituted 1,4-Dihydropyridines
摘要:
Symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,6-disubstituted dihydropyridines were prepared in high yields under mild conditions using the Suzuki and Stille Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions of imide-derived bisvinyl phosphates with a range of aryl, heteroaryl, and alkenyl moieties. The alkylation reaction at C-4 easily afforded original tri- and tetrasubstituted dihydropyridines. Hydrolysis of the latter under acidic condition provided efficiently either open-chain 1,5-diketones or di- or trisubstituted pyridines.
An efficient approach for the synthesis of unsymmetrical and symmetrical multi-substituted pyridines is demonstrated. This process is preceded via iron−catalysed [3+3] annulation of oxime acetates with enaminones. Operational simplicity, use of easily available starting materials and inexpensive catalyst, avoiding the use of additives or ligands are the major advantages of this protocol.
Non-toxic corrosion-protection pigments based on manganese
申请人:——
公开号:US20040011252A1
公开(公告)日:2004-01-22
Corrosion-inhibiting pigments based on manganese are described that contain a trivalent or tetravalent manganese/valence stabilizer complex. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the trivalent or tetravalent manganese ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble, exhibits low solubility, or is insoluble in water, depending upon the intended usage. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of trivalent or tetravalent manganese during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Manganese/valence stabilizer combinations are chosen based on the well-founded principles of manganese coordination chemistry. Many manganese-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium or tetravalent lead systems. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
Non-toxic corrosion-protection pigments based on rare earth elements
申请人:——
公开号:US20040104377A1
公开(公告)日:2004-06-03
A corrosion-inhibiting pigment comprising a rare earth element and a valence stabilizer combinded to form a rare earth/valence stabilizer complex. The rare earth element is selected from cerium, terbium, praseodymium, or a combination thereof, and at least one rare earth element is in the tetravalent oxidation state. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the tetravalent rare earth ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble in water. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of tetravalent cerium, terbium, or praseodymium during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Many rare earth-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems.
Metal-Free Borane-Catalyzed Highly Stereoselective Hydrogenation of Pyridines
作者:Yongbing Liu、Haifeng Du
DOI:10.1021/ja406761j
日期:2013.9.4
A metal-free direct hydrogenation of pyridines was successfully realized by using homogeneous borane catalysts generated from alkenes and HB(C6F5)(2) via in situ hydroboration. The reaction affords a broad range of piperidines in high yields with excellent cis stereoselectivities.