Structure–Activity Relationship of Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose at the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 (TRPM2) Channel: Rational Design of Antagonists
作者:Christelle Moreau、Tanja Kirchberger、Joanna M. Swarbrick、Stephen J. Bartlett、Ralf Fliegert、Timur Yorgan、Andreas Bauche、Angelika Harneit、Andreas H. Guse、Barry V. L. Potter
DOI:10.1021/jm401497a
日期:2013.12.27
Adenosine S'-diphosphoribose (ADPR) activates TRPM2, a Ca2+, Na+, and K+ permeable cation channel. Activation is induced by ADPR binding to the cytosolic C-terminal NudT9-homology domain. To generate the first structure activity relationship, systematically modified ADPR analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as antagonists using patch-clamp experiments in HEK293 cells overexpressing human TRPM2. Compounds with a purine C8 substituent show antagonist activity, and an 8-phenyl substitution (8-Ph-ADPR, 5) is very effective. Modification of the terminal ribose results in a weak antagonist, whereas its removal abolishes activity. An antagonist based upon a hybrid structure, 8-phenyl-2'-deoxy-ADPR (86, IC50 = 3 mu M), is more potent than 8-Ph-ADPR (5). Initial bioisosteric replacement of the pyrophosphate linkage abolishes activity, but replacement of the pyrophosphate and the terminal ribose by a sulfarnate-based group leads to a weak antagonist, a lead to more drug-like analogues. 8-Ph-ADPR (5) inhibits Ca2+ signalling and chemotaxis in human neutrophils, illustrating the potential for pharmacological intervention at TRPM2.
Synthesis of the Substituted 3‐Cyclobutene‐1,2‐diones
作者:Sergey A. Ivanovsky、Mikhail V. Dorogov、Dmitry V. Kravchenko、Alexandre V. Ivachtchenko
DOI:10.1080/00397910701462716
日期:2007.8
reported. Unsymmetrically substituted 3,4‐diamino‐3‐cyclobutene‐1,2‐diones and 3‐amino‐4‐hydroxy‐3‐cyclobutene‐1,2‐diones were prepared by interaction of diethyl squarate with different nucleophilic reagents such as alkali, primary and secondary amines and amino acids. Substituted 3‐amino‐4‐aryl‐3‐cyclobutene‐1,2‐diones were synthesized by interaction of squaryl dichloride with different arenes followed