Fluorination with XeF2. Part 40. The Important Role of .pi.-Bond Disruption in Fluorine Addition to Phenyl-Substituted Alkenes
作者:Stojan Stavber、Tjasa Sotler、Marko Zupan、Arkadij Popovic
DOI:10.1021/jo00099a015
日期:1994.10
Ionization potentials (IP) for 11 mono- and alpha,alpha-diphenyl-substituted acyclic and cyclic alkenes 1-11 were measured under the same conditions, using a mass spectrometric technique and applying electron impact ionization. The values, ranging from 8.68 eV for styrene (1) to as low as 7.67 eV for 1,2-dihydro-4-phenylnaphthalene (10), were correlated with the logarithms of the relative rates (k(rel), relative to 1,1-diphenylethene) of fluorine addition across the carbon-carbon double bond in HF-catalyzed reaction of the alkenes with XeF2 in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. The linear relationship between log k(rel) and IP with a regression slope of -2.08 and a correlation constant of 0.942, presented for the first time for any fluorination reaction of organic compounds, demonstrates that ct-bond disruption is the rate-determining step in the fluorine addition process for the series of alkenes 1-11. The course of reaction of the series of three 1-phenyl-benzocyclenes (10-12) with XeF2 was investigated. The addition-elimination process, forming 3-phenyl-2-fluoro-1H-indene (15a), was found exclusively in the case of 9-phenyl-1H-indene (12), while the formation of diastereoisomeric pairs of vicinal difluorides (13 and 14), with the trans isomers slightly predominant, was established in the case of 1,2-dihydro-4-phenylnaphthalene (10) and 6,7-dihydro-9-phenyl-5H-benzocycloheptene (11). On heating the vicinal difluorides 13 and 14 HF was released, thus yielding 3-fluoro-4-phenyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (15b) and 6,7-dihydro-8-fluoro-9-phenyl-5H-benzocycloheptene (15c), respectively.