Chemical Equilibria Study of the Reacting System of the Alkyl Cumyl Ether Synthesis from n-Alkanols and α-Methylstyrene
摘要:
The chemical equilibrium of the reactive systems n-alkanol + alpha -methylstyrene double left right arrow alkyl cumyl ether (alkyl is ethyl, propyl, and butyl) was studied in the liquid phase in the temperature range (300 to 383) K using a cation exchanger as heterogeneous catalyst. Equilibrium ratios K-x obtained from concentrations of the reaction participants in the mixtures with an excess amount of alkanol are practically independent of the reactive mixture composition and can be identified with the thermodynamic equilibrium; constant K-a. Enthalpies of reactions Delta H-r(m)o of alkyl cumyl ether synthesis in the liquid phase were obtained from the temperature dependence of K-a and showed a good agreement with those reaction enthalpies derived from the values Delta H-f(m)o(l) of the reactions participants measured for alkyl cumyl ethers by combustion calorimetry. The standard molar enthalpies of vaporization of alkyl cumyl ethers were obtained from the temperature dependence of the vapor pressure measured by using the transpiration method. Resulting values of Delta H-f(m)o(g) were used to prove the consistency of the experimental data and to derive strain enthalpies of alkyl cumyl ethers. The strain effects were discussed in terms of deviations of Delta H-f(m)o(g) from the group additivity rules.
The photoredox catalytic addition of alcohols to non‐activated terminal alkyl olefins is obtained by the use of N,N‐diisobutylamino‐phenylphenothiazine. Its excited state redox potential is sufficiently high to promote the photoreduction.
N-Arylbenzo[b]phenothiazines as Reducing Photoredox Catalysts for Nucleophilic Additions of Alcohols to Styrenes: Shift towards Visible Light
作者:Hans-Achim Wagenknecht、Fabienne Seyfert
DOI:10.1055/a-1304-4575
日期:2021.4
dialkylamino-substituted N-phenylbenzo[b]phenothiazines as alternative photoredoxcatalysts and applied them for the nucleophilic addition of alkohols to α-methyl styrene. The additional benzene ring shift the absorbance bathochromically and allows performing the photocatalyses by excitation at 385 nm and 405 nm. This type of photoredox catalysis tolerates other functional groups, as representatively shown
[EN] KEY INTERMEDIATE FOR SYNTHESIZING PROSTAGLANDIN COMPOUNDS AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR<br/>[FR] INTERMÉDIAIRE CLÉ POUR LA SYNTHÈSE DE COMPOSÉS DE PROSTAGLANDINE ET SON PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION<br/>[ZH] 一类前列腺素类化合物合成关键中间体及其制备方法
A motor fuel comprising a blend of a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and an anti-knock additive, characterised in that the anti-knock additive is an aryl ether having the structure:
in which
R1 represents phenyl, phenyl substituted with one or two methyl groups or phenyl substituted with one ethyl group;
R2 represents methane substituted with one or two methyl groups, ethan, or ethane substituted with one or two methyl groups;
R3 represents methyl or ethyl and n = 0 or 1.
Preferred anti-knock additives include cumylmethylether and anisole.
Method for preparing polyolefins containing vinylidene groups using azole compounds
申请人:Chevron Oronite Company LLC
公开号:EP1803741A1
公开(公告)日:2007-07-04
Disclosed is a method for preparing polyolefins containing vinylidine end groups from quasiliving carbocationically terminated polyolefin polymers by contacting the quasiliving carbocationically terminated polymer with a suitable azole quenching agent and substituted derivatives thereof.