上vinyltriphenylphosnium溴化物phenylithium的作用在形成(C导致两者6 ħ 5)3 P +C-HCH 2 C ^ 6 ħ 5(CA 0.45%)和质子抽象(部分来自乙烯基的α质子),由Orgnometallic基地提供。当使用甲基或乙基锂时,获得甚至更低的相应膦亚甲基收率。(β-溴乙基)三苯基phosph溴化物和乙烯-1,2-双(三苯基phosph)二溴化物就地效果很好在这种反应中生成乙烯基phosph盐。还实现了将苯基锂类似地添加到溴化1-丙烯基三苯基phosph和溴化(1-甲基-1-丙烯基)三苯基phosph中,但是由于复杂的副反应,收率非常低。有机锂试剂isopropenyltriphenylphosphonium溴化,得到(C 6 H ^ 5)3 P +C-(CH 3)CH 2中的R,产量高。值得注意的是,观察到三苯基膦亚甲基加到溴化异丙烯基三苯乙phosph上。
上vinyltriphenylphosnium溴化物phenylithium的作用在形成(C导致两者6 ħ 5)3 P +C-HCH 2 C ^ 6 ħ 5(CA 0.45%)和质子抽象(部分来自乙烯基的α质子),由Orgnometallic基地提供。当使用甲基或乙基锂时,获得甚至更低的相应膦亚甲基收率。(β-溴乙基)三苯基phosph溴化物和乙烯-1,2-双(三苯基phosph)二溴化物就地效果很好在这种反应中生成乙烯基phosph盐。还实现了将苯基锂类似地添加到溴化1-丙烯基三苯基phosph和溴化(1-甲基-1-丙烯基)三苯基phosph中,但是由于复杂的副反应,收率非常低。有机锂试剂isopropenyltriphenylphosphonium溴化,得到(C 6 H ^ 5)3 P +C-(CH 3)CH 2中的R,产量高。值得注意的是,观察到三苯基膦亚甲基加到溴化异丙烯基三苯乙phosph上。
Responsive hetero-organelle partition conferred fluorogenic sensing of mitochondrial depolarization
作者:Zhongwei Xue、Hu Zhao、Jian Liu、Jiahuai Han、Shoufa Han
DOI:10.1039/c6sc04158b
日期:——
A hetero-organelle partition and lysosome activable sensor was developed for fluorogenic detection of mitochondrial depolarization in autophagy and cell death.
Synthesis of [11C]cyanoalkyltriphenylphosphoranes via [11C]cyanide substitution on haloalkylphosphonium salts
作者:Katarina Hörnfeldt、Bengt Långström
DOI:10.1002/jlcr.2580340804
日期:1994.8
were formed in 33–99% radiochemical yield in 5–10 min reaction time. After addition of epichlorohydrin as generator of base, the precursors 1–3 were formed. The potential of the intermediates 1–3 in Witting reactions was shown in model reactions with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. The aromatic olefins obtained from 1′–5′ were formed in 85–96 % radiochemical yield, with Z/E ratios between 67/33–75/25
The imidazolium salts described are useful as antiarrhythmic agents. A method of treating arrhythmia by increasing the refractoriness of cardiac tissue is provided as well as pharmaceutical formulations containing such imidazolium salts. The compounds are described by the following formula: ##STR1##
Nervous system-specific transmembrane proteasome complex that modulates neuronal signaling through extracellular signaling via brain activity peptides
申请人:THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
公开号:US10775391B2
公开(公告)日:2020-09-15
The inventors surprisingly found that neural stimulation caused the synthesis and degradation of proteins into peptides which were then secreted into the cell media within minutes of stimulation by a novel neural-specific and membrane bound proteasome (neuronal membrane proteasome or NMP) that is transmembrane in nature. These secreted, activity-induced, proteasomal peptides (SNAPPs) range in size from about 500 Daltons to about 3000 Daltons. Surprisingly none of the peptides appear to be those previously known to have any neuronal function. Moreover, these SNAPPs have stimulatory activity and are heretofore a new class of signaling molecules. Moreover, the NMP appears to play a highly significant role in aspects of neuronal signaling known to be critical for neuronal function. The inventors have gone on to develop all tools to study this novel mechanisms including protocols and practice for generation and purification of SNAPPs as well as a new and specific inhibitor of the NMP allowing for selective control of this process in the nervous system. The present invention provides methods of making and using these SNAPPs for both laboratory and clinical purposes, the screening for molecules which modulate NMP function in vivo and in vitro, and methods for diagnosis of NMP related diseases.