Development of a highly water-soluble peptide-based human neutrophil elastase inhibitor; AE-3763 for treatment of acute organ injury
作者:Yasunao Inoue、Tomoki Omodani、Ryotaro Shiratake、Hiroshi Okazaki、Akemi Kuromiya、Taeko Kubo、Fuminori Sato
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2009.09.020
日期:2009.11
A series of peptide-based transition-state human neutrophil elastase (HNE) inhibitors with N-terminal acidic moieties were synthesized and their inhibitory activity against HNE was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that compounds containing cyclic amide bridged acidic moieties at the N-terminal have not only improved water solubility but also high in vivo potency. Among these compounds, AE-3763 showed remarkable efficacy in hamster models of elastase-induced lung hemorrhage and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury as well as in a mouse model of LPS/galactosamine-induced acute multiple organ dysfunctions. The water solubility of AE-3763 (>1000 mg/ml in H(2)O) was also far superior to that of any of the other compounds synthesized. Thus, it is believed that AE-3763 would be useful for treatment of HNE-associated respiratory disorders, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute lung injury (ALI), and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The kinetics of the rearrangement of some isopyrimidines to pyrimidines studied by pulse radiolysis
作者:Man Nien Schuchmann、Mohamed Al-Sheikhly、Clemens von Sonntag、Anthony Garner、George Scholes
DOI:10.1039/p29840001777
日期:——
oxidation of the 6-yl radicals derived by ˙OH attack on pyrimidines and dihydropyrimidines. The Kinetics of the rearrangment of the isopyrimidines into the corresponding pyrimidines has been followed by pulseradiolysis. The rearrangement of isouracil into uracil is proton-catalysed (k 1.8 × 107 l mol–1 s–1). Around pH 7 a spontaneous reaction, k 3 000 s–1, is observed. On increasing the pH the isouracil
异嘧啶是由asOH攻击嘧啶和二氢嘧啶而衍生的6-基团氧化而形成的。将异嘧啶重排成相应的嘧啶的动力学是通过脉冲辐射分解进行的。异尿嘧啶重排为尿嘧啶是质子催化的(k 1.8×10 7 l mol –1 s –1)。在pH值7左右,观察到自发反应k 3 000 s –1。随着pH值的增加,异尿嘧啶在N(3)处去质子化(p K a约为9.4)。所述isouracil阴离子的自发重排是相当慢(ķ ≤50秒1)。在pH> 10.5的OH - -催化反应集(ķ 4.9×10 5升摩尔1个小号-1),它涉及到一个第二去质子化,在C(5)。将5-羟基异尿嘧啶重排成异巴比妥酸也获得了相似的结果。阻断如3- methylisouracil的N(3)的位置,所述OH -在低得多的pH值诱发的重排在套(pH为9.5≤),即重排快(ķ 2.7×10 7升摩尔-1小号- 1),而不是其他两个系统中观察到的情况。