Catalysis and inhibition of ester hydrolysis in the presence of resorcinarene hosts functionalized with dimethylamino groups
作者:Giorgio Cevasco、Sergio Thea、Daniele Vigo、Andrew Williams、Flora Zaman
DOI:10.1002/poc.1101
日期:2006.10
Complexation and catalysis of two calixresorcinarene (RES) derivatives with nucleophilic N,N-dimethylamino functions attached to their upper rims in the hydrolysis of carboxylate and sulfonate esters of 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol have been investigated. Rate constants obey the complexation equation:
2,3-Di-substituted N-heteroaromatic propionamides with said substitution at the 2-position being a substituted phenyl group and at the 3-position being a cycloalkyl ring, said propionamides being glucokinase activators which increase insulin secretion in the treatment of type II diabetes.
Disclosed herein are pyrazole glucokinase activators of the formula (I)
useful for the treatment of metabolic diseases and disorders, preferably diabetes mellitus.
[EN] 5-SUBSTITUTED-PYRAZINE OR PYRIDINE GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS<br/>[FR] ACTIVATEURS DE LA GLUCOKINASE A BASE DE PYRAZINE OU DE PYRIDINE SUBSTITUEES EN POSITION 5
申请人:HOFFMANN LA ROCHE
公开号:WO2004052869A1
公开(公告)日:2004-06-24
The present invention provides a compound according to formula (I) where the substituent designations are provided in the specification. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound according to formula (I) are also provided, said compounds being glucokinase activators which are useful in the treatment of type II diabetes.
Transfer of a positively charged acyl group between substituted phenolate ion nucleophiles: the brønsted β for the calibrating equilibrium for N-methylisonicotinyl (4-carbonyl-N-methylpyridinium) transfer
作者:Matthew J. Colthurst、Matilde Nanni、Andrew Williams
DOI:10.1039/p29960002285
日期:——
measured for the reaction of substituted phenolate ions with aryl acetate esters and with aryl N-methylisonicotinate esters in aqueous solution. A new method is demonstrated for determining βeq for group transfer from 4-nitrophenyl esters; it employs the rate constant for the reaction of 2,6-difluorophenolate ion with substituted phenyl ester as a surrogate for the reactivity of the 4-nitrophenolate ion