Efficient SN2 Fluorination of Primary and Secondary Alkyl Bromides by Copper(I) Fluoride Complexes
摘要:
Copper(I) fluoride complexes ligated by phenanthroline derivatives have been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. These complexes adopt as either ionic or neutral forms in the solid state, depending on the steric bulkiness of the substituent groups on the phenanthroline ligands. These complexes react with primary and secondary alkyl bromides to produce the corresponding alkyl fluorides in modest to good yields. This new method is compatible with a variety of important functional groups such as ether, thioether, amide, nitrile, methoxyl, hydroxyl, ketone, ester, and heterocycle moieties.
A general and convenient copper-mediated trifluoromethylthiolation of primary and secondary alkyl halides was described. Variation of the solvent, additives and time allowed optimization of the reaction. A wide range of alkyl halides were explored to give a set of alkyl trifluoromethyl thioethers in moderate to excellent yields. A variety of functional groups, including ethers, thioether, esters, nitriles, amides, and ketal groups, were well tolerated in the electrophilic partner.
Transition metal- and light-free radical borylation of alkyl bromides and iodides using silane
作者:Beiqi Sun、Sihan Zheng、Fanyang Mo
DOI:10.1039/d1cc02134f
日期:——
for borylation of alkylbromides and iodides to alkyl boronic esters under transition metal- and light-free conditions. A series of substrates with a wide range of functional groups were effectively transformed into the borylation products in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic studies, including radical clock experiments and DFT calculations, gave detailed insight into the radical borylation process
Asymmetric Synthesis of Nonracemic Primary Amines via Spiroborate-Catalyzed Reduction of Pure (<i>E</i>)- and (<i>Z</i>)-<i>O</i>-Benzyloximes: Applications toward the Synthesis of Calcimimetic Agents
作者:Wenhua Ou、Sandraliz Espinosa、Héctor J. Meléndez、Silvia M. Farré、Jaime L. Alvarez、Valerie Torres、Ileanne Martínez、Kiara M. Santiago、Margarita Ortiz-Marciales
DOI:10.1021/jo400371x
日期:2013.6.7
Highly enantiopure (1-aryl)- and (1-naphthyl)-1-ethylamines were synthesized by the borane-mediated reduction of single-isomeric (E)- and (Z)-O-benzyloxime ethers using the stable spiroborate ester derived from (S)-diphenyl valinol and ethylene glycol as the chiral catalyst. Primary (R)-arylethylamines were prepared by the reduction of pure (Z)-ethanone oxime ethers in up to 99% ee using 15% of catalyst
使用衍生自稳定的螺硼酸酯,通过硼烷介导的单一异构体 ( E )- 和 ( Z ) -O-苄基肟醚的还原,合成了高对映体纯的 (1-芳基)-和 (1-萘基)-1-乙胺( S )-二苯基缬氨醇和乙二醇作为手性催化剂。伯 ( R )-芳基乙胺是通过使用 15% 的催化剂将纯 ( Z )-乙酮肟醚还原至 99% ee来制备的。描述了使用对映纯(1-萘-1-基)乙胺作为手性前体合成新的和已知的拟钙剂类似物的两种方便且容易的方法。
Mechanisms of elimination
作者:Y. Yano、S. Oae
DOI:10.1016/0040-4020(70)85008-6
日期:——
The rates of the base-catalysed elimination of a series of γ-(p-substituted-phenylthia)propyl bromides and the corresponding oxygen analogues have been determined in t-butanol containing potassiumt-butoxide. Although the oxygen compounds react faster than the sulfur counterparts, the p value obtained for the sulfur compounds is larger than that for the oxygen compounds. This difference in reactivity
Nickel-Catalyzed Sonogashira Reactions of Non-activated Secondary Alkyl Bromides and Iodides
作者:Jun Yi、Xi Lu、Yan-Yan Sun、Bin Xiao、Lei Liu
DOI:10.1002/anie.201307069
日期:2013.11.18
A nicked reaction: The title reaction of terminal alkynes with non‐activated secondaryalkyliodides and bromides was accomplished for the first time. This reaction provides a new and practical approach for the synthesis of substituted alkynes (see scheme; cod=cyclo‐1,5‐octadiene).