溴化钙 | 7789-41-5

• 物质功能分类: 原料药 - 神经系统用药 - 2镇静与催眠药
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 碱土金属盐
• 中文名称: 溴化钙
• 英文名称: Calcium Bromide
• 英文别名: calcium;dibromide
• CAS: 7789-41-5
• 化学式: CaBr2
• 分子量: 199.89
• InChiKey: WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L

物化性质

• 熔点：
  730°C
• 沸点：
  806-812°C
• 密度：
  3.353 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
• 闪点：
  806-812°C
• 溶解度：
  溶于乙醇、丙酮
• 物理描述：
  WHITE HYGROSCOPIC POWDER.
• 颜色/状态：
  Deliquescent granules or orthorhombic crystals
• 气味：
  Odorless
• 味道：
  Sharp, saline taste
• 稳定性/保质期：
  如果遵照规格使用和储存，则不会分解。应避免接触水分或潮湿，受高热会溢出溴并生成氧化钙。 极易溶于水，水溶液呈中性；也能溶于乙醇、丙酮和酸；微溶于甲醇、液氨；不溶于乙醚或氯仿。能与碱金属卤化物形成复盐，并具有很强的吸湿性。在100克水中可溶解142克（20℃），也微溶于乙醇和丙酮。
• 分解：
  810 °C

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -6.37
• 重原子数：
  3
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

ADMET

代谢

溴主要通过吸入进入人体，但也可以通过皮肤接触。溴盐可以摄入。由于溴的活性，它会迅速形成溴化物并可能沉积在组织中，取代其他卤素。

Bromine is mainly absorbed via inhalation, but may also enter the body through dermal contact. Bromine salts can be ingested. Due to its reactivity, bromine quickly forms bromide and may be deposited in the tissues, displacing other halogens. (L626)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

溴化钙（CaBr2）是一种固体。CaBr2的主要用途是作为高密度透明钻探、完井、修井和封堵流体的组成部分，以控制井筒压力。溴化钙还用于摄影、医学、尺寸化合物、木材防腐剂和在阻燃混合物中。CaBr2的一个重要新用途是在发电单元和焚烧炉中控制汞排放。人类研究：溴疹是由于溴化物吸收引起的皮肤爆发。临床表现包括痤疮样和植物性病变。报告了一个婴儿因使用含有CaBr2的腹部绞痛糖浆而患溴疹的病例。停药后病变消退。一名25岁的女性在长期频繁注射一种用于缓解头颈疼痛的制剂后，出现了健忘和不稳定步态。血液检查显示高氯血症（171 mEq/L）和负阴离子间隙（-48.7 mEq/L）。血清溴化物测量值为2150 mg/L。溴化钙卤水是溴化钙和氯化钙的浓缩水溶液。在石油工业中广泛使用。这种溶液及其成分被认为是导致皮肤损伤的原因。报告了两名在未受保护的皮肤暴露于该溶液后受伤的患者和一名在暴露于氯化钙粉末后受伤的患者。他们都遭受了皮肤损伤，特点是疼痛缺失和损伤全貌的临床出现延迟。此外，愈合过程因移植物丢失而复杂化或进展缓慢。动物研究：一只新西兰白兔单次滴注0.1毫升溴化钙；眼睛未清洗24小时。在1小时和24小时观察眼睛。在1小时和24小时观察时，治疗眼出现透明角膜混浊、虹膜炎症、严重刺激和角膜脱落，伴有点状出血的结膜下膜和可能出现坏死的区域以及瞬膜。三只新西兰白兔用0.5克溴化钙加0.5毫升水湿润4小时。它们在1、24、48和74小时以及7天后被观察到。在去除贴片后1小时和24小时观察时，所有治疗皮肤部位都出现了非常轻微到界定良好的红斑。大鼠在含有计算浓度为204 mg/L的溴化钙粉尘气氛中吸入1小时，在暴露期间或暴露后没有观察到任何毒性效应。在用水溶解的溴化钙进行的Ames试验中，任何测试菌株在暴露于50至5000微克/板的测试材料的水平时，无论是在代谢激活的存在还是不存在下，都没有获得超过对照组的回复突变菌落数量的显著增加。生态毒性研究：高浓度的CaBr2对水蚤的繁殖有害，并可能减少其数量。CaBr2在浓度为0.05 mol/cu dm时对葱（Allium cepa L. var. ascalonicum）根尖细胞显示出毒性效应。

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Calcium bromide (CaBr2) is a solid. The major use for CaBr2 is as a component of high-density clear drilling, completion, workover, and packing fluids to control wellbore pressures. Calcium bromide is also used in photography, in medicine, in sizing compounds, as a wood preservative, and in flame retardant blends. An important new use for CaBr2 is in the control of mercury emissions at power generation units and incinerators. HUMAN STUDIES: Bromoderma is a cutaneous eruption caused by the absorption of bromide. Clinical manifestations include acneiform and vegetative lesions. The case of an infant with bromoderma was reported caused by the use of syrup for abdominal colic containing CaBr2. The lesions regressed after discontinuation of the drug. A 25-year-old female suffered from forgetfulness and unstable gait after long-term frequent injections of a preparation to relieve head and neck pain. Blood tests showed hyperchloremia (171 mEq/L) and a negative anion gap (-48.7 mEq/L). Serum bromide measured 2150 mg/L. Calcium bromide brine is a highly concentrated aqueous solution of calcium bromide and calcium chloride. It is used extensively in the oil industry. This solution and its components are recognized as causes of skin injury. Two patients who were injured following unprotected skin exposure to this solution and one patient who was injured following exposure to calcium chloride powder are reported. All sustained skin injuries characterised by an absence of pain and a delayed clinical appearance of the full extent of the injury. Furthermore healing was complicated by graft loss or was slow. ANIMAL STUDIES: A New Zealand White rabbit was treated with single instillation of 0.1 mL of the calcium bromide; eyes were unwashed for 24 hours. The eye was observed at 1 and 24 hours. Transcluent corneal opacity, iridial inflammation, severe irritation and sloughing of the cornea with petechial hemorrhage of the lower conjunctival membrane and an area of possible necrosis over this area and the nictitating membrane were noted in the treated eye at the 1 and 24-hour observations. Three New Zealand White rabbits were treated with 0.5 g of calcium bromide moistened in 0.5 mL of water for 4 hours. They were observed at 1, 24, 48 and 74 hours and at 7 days. Very slight to well-defined erythema was noted at all treated skin sites 1 hour after patch removal and at the 24 hr observation. Inhalation exposure of rats for 1 hour to a dust atmosphere of calcium bromide at calculated concentration of 204 mg/L did not result in any observable toxic effects during or after the exposure. In Ames test with calcium bromide no significant increases in revertant colony numbers over control counts were obtained with any of the tester strains following exposure to the test material dissolved in water at levels from 50 to 5000 ug per plate, either in the presence or the absence of the metabolic activation. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: High concentrations of CaBr2 were harmful to Daphnia's reproduction and could reduce its abundance. CaBr2 showed toxic effect on the root tip cells of shallot (Allium cepa L. var. ascalonicum) in concentration 0.05 mol/cu dm.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

溴是一种强大的氧化剂，能够从粘膜的水分中释放出氧自由基。这些自由基也是有力的氧化剂，能够造成组织损伤。此外，氢溴酸和溴酸的形成将导致二次刺激。溴离子还已知会影响中枢神经系统，导致溴中毒。这被认为是溴离子取代神经递质和传输系统中的氯离子的结果，从而影响许多突触过程。（L626, L627, A543）

Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类无致癌性（未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

溴蒸气会引起刺激和对粘膜的直接损害。元素溴也会烧伤皮肤。溴化物离子是一种中枢神经系统抑制剂，长期暴露会产生神经元效应。这被称为溴中毒，可能导致从中枢反应嗜睡到昏迷、恶病质、昏迷、反射丧失或病理反射、阵挛性癫痫、震颤、共济失调、神经敏感性丧失、瘫痪、眼乳头水肿、异常言语、脑水肿、谵妄、攻击性和精神疾病等症状。

Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

该物质可以通过摄入被身体吸收。

The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion.

来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险品标志：
  Xi
• 安全说明：
  S22,S24/25
• 危险类别码：
  R38
• WGK Germany：
  2
• 危险品运输编号：
  NONH for all modes of transport
• 海关编码：
  2827590000
• RTECS号：
  EV9328000
• 危险标志：
  GHS05
• 危险性描述：
  H318
• 危险性防范说明：
  P280,P305 + P351 + P338

SDS

Name:	Calcium bromide dihydrate 99+% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	Calcium dibromide dihydrate
CAS:	7789-41-5

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Calcium bromide dihydrate 99+% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Calcium dibromide dihydrate

---

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
7789-41-5	Calcium bromide dihydrate	>99	unlisted

Hazard Symbols: None Listed.
Risk Phrases: None Listed.

---

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Ingestion:
Ingestion of large amounts may cause gastrointestinal irritation.
The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation:
May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Chronic:
No information found.

---

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:
Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid if cough or other symptoms appear.
Notes to Physician:

---

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

---

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions.
Provide ventilation.

---

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash hands before eating. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Store protected from moisture.

---

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Exposure Limits CAS# 7789-41-5: CAS# 22208-73-7: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

---

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Solid
Color: white to off-white
Odor: Odorless.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: Not available.
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: soluble in alcohol and acetone
Specific Gravity/Density:
Molecular Formula: Br2Ca.2H2O
Molecular Weight: 235.93

---

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid:
Dust generation, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Sulfuric acid, isocyanates.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Irritating and toxic fumes and gases, hydrogen bromide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

---

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 7789-41-5: EV9328000 CAS# 22208-73-7 unlisted.
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 7789-41-5: Oral, rat: LD50 = 4100 mg/kg.
CAS# 22208-73-7.
Carcinogenicity:
Calcium bromide (CaBr2) - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Calcium bromide dihydrate - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

---

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

---

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

---

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Shipping Name: Not regulated.
Hazard Class:
UN Number:
Packing Group:
IMO
Shipping Name: Not regulated.
Hazard Class:
UN Number:
Packing Group:
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: Not regulated.
Hazard Class:
UN Number:
Packing group:

---

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: Not available.
Risk Phrases:
Safety Phrases:
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 28A After contact with skin, wash immediately with
plenty of water.
S 37 Wear suitable gloves.
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek
medical advice immediately (show the label where
possible).
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 7789-41-5: 1
CAS# 22208-73-7: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 7789-41-5 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 7789-41-5 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
CAS# 22208-73-7 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 7789-41-5 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
CAS# 22208-73-7 is not listed on the TSCA inventory.
It is for research and development use only.

---

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

理化性质

溴化钙

• 化学式: CaBr₂
• 分子量: 199.90
• 晶体形态: 无色斜方系晶体，易潮解
• 熔点: 730℃（有微量分解）
• 沸点: 806～812℃
• 相对密度: 3.35325（固体），其六水合物为无色六方系晶体，熔点38.2℃，沸点149℃，相对密度2.295

溶解性

• 易溶于水、乙醇和丙酮
• 微溶于液氨

溶液性质

其水溶液呈中性或微碱性

制备方法

由氢溴酸与氧化钙、石灰乳或碳酸钙作用，也可将氨通入石灰乳再加入溴而制得。应密封避光保存。

用途

用于照相业，也用作药物等。

化学反应

• CaBr₂ + Cl₂ = CaCl₂ + Br₂
• CaBr₂ + 2KF = CaF₂ + 2KBr
• 3CaBr₂ + K₂Cr₂O₇ + 7H₂SO₄ = 2CaSO₄ + Cr₂(SO₄)₃ + K₂SO₄ + 3Br₂ + 7H₂O
• CaBr₂ + MnO₂ + 3H₂SO₄ = Ca(HSO₄)₂ + MnSO₄ + Br₂ + 2H₂O
• CaBr₂ + K₂C₄H₂O₆ = CaC₄H₄O₆（白色）+ 2KBr

水中溶解度 (g/100ml)

不同温度(℃)时每100毫升水中的溶解克数:

• 125 g/0℃
• 132 g/10℃
• 143 g/20℃
• 213 g/40℃
• 278 g/60℃
• 295 g/80℃
• 312 g/100℃

毒性

对眼睛和皮肤有刺激，如皮肤、眼睛接触了溴化钙盐水，要立即用水冲洗15 min，并请医生诊治。

化学性质

溴化钙外观呈无色斜方针状结晶或晶块。无臭，味咸而苦。极易溶于水；溶于乙醇、丙酮和酸；微溶于甲醇、液氨；不溶于乙醚或氯仿。

用途

用作医药中枢神经抑制剂，用于石油钻井，制造溴化铵、光敏纸、灭火剂、制冷剂等。也可用于海洋石油钻井完井液、固井液、修井液。

此外，它还用作分析试剂，也用于照相、制药工业。

生产方法

• 溴化亚铁法: 在盛有水的反应器中，加入铁屑，在搅拌下分批加入溴素，于40℃下进行反应生成溴化亚铁，再加入氢氧化钙调pH值，加热至沸，然后经冷却、分离除去氢氧化亚铁，滤液经蒸发、冷却至30℃静置，经脱色、过滤、蒸发至210℃左右，再经冷却，制得溴化钙。
• 直接法: 将氨气通入石灰乳，加入溴素，于70℃以下进行反应，过滤，滤液保持在碱性条件下逐出氨，静置，脱色，滤液经浓缩，制得溴化钙成品。

类别

有毒物品

毒性分级

中毒

急性毒性

• 口服 - 大鼠 LD₅₀: 4100 毫克/公斤
• 腹腔 - 小鼠 LD₅₀: 740 毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性

热分解排出有毒溴化物烟雾

储运特性

库房通风低温干燥

灭火剂

水、泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  溴化钙 生成 溴化锶
  参考文献：
  名称：

  RICHTER, HERFRIED;COTTA, FRITZ;NITSCHKE, EBERHARD;PICKERT, BERND;HUNERBEI+

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  氧化钙 生成 溴化钙
  参考文献：
  名称：

  AOCHI, A.;TADOKORO, T.;YOSHIDA, K.;KAMEYAMA, H.;NOBUE, M.;YAMAGUCHI, T., INT. J. HYDROGEN ENERGY, 14,(1989) N, C. 421-429

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  溴化钙 、 丙烯酰胺 、 丙烯腈 、 丙烯酸羟乙酯 、 二丙烯酸二乙二醇酯 在 氮气 、 glass 、 Azo 、 水 、 V-50 solution 、 溴化钙 、 山梨醇酐油酸酯 作用下， 反应 19.5h， 生成 Acrylonitrile Acrylamide 2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Drilling compositions and methods

  摘要：

  这些材料包括非聚丙烯交联聚合物和基于聚合物的凝胶，其未交联形式在离子液体中基本可溶，而在水中基本不溶。这些材料对环境刺激作出水合状态的改变。所披露的材料在井口，如烃类生产井中，作为钻井、完井或修井液体非常有用。根据所披露的方法，交联聚合物或凝胶被引入地层，阻塞或桥接地层的孔隙。然后，改变环境条件，使水合材料变得不那么水合，以解除孔隙的阻塞，从而允许井口的产量。

  公开号：

  US06110876A1

文献信息

• 2-thiosubstituted carbapenems
  申请人：American Cyanamid Company

  公开号：US05602118A1

  公开（公告）日：1997-02-11

  Carbapenem antibiotic compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein the moiety ##STR2## is a 4, 5 or 6 membered mono, di- or tri- substituted oxygen or sulfur containing ring; wherein Z is oxygen, sulfur, sulfoxide and sulfone, pharmaceutical compositions thereof useful for the treatment of bacterial infections, processes for preparing the compounds and new intermediates useful in the process.

  通式为：##STR1## 的头孢菌素类抗生素化合物，其中基团##STR2## 是一个含有单个、双重或三重取代的氧或硫的4、5或6环；其中Z为氧、硫、亚砜和磺酰基，其制备过程中有用于治疗细菌感染的药物组成物，制备化合物的过程以及在过程中有用的新中间体。
• Method for producing tetrahydrofuranyl compounds
  申请人：——

  公开号：US05623081A1

  公开（公告）日：1997-04-22

  Tetrahydrofuanyl compounds of the following formulae: ##STR1## are disclosed.

  披露了以下式子的四氢呋喃基化合物：##STR1##。
• 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane derivatives, pharmaceutical
  申请人：Orszagos "Frederic Joliot-Curie" Sugar-biologiai es Sugaregeszsegugyi

  公开号：US05440031A1

  公开（公告）日：1995-08-08

  The invention relates to partially novel metal complexes, salts and double salts of 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane compounds of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 mean hydrogen or a group of the formula (III), ##STR2## in the groups of the formula (III) the R subtituents independently represent hydrogen, a C.sub.1-5 straight or branched chain alkyl group, a C.sub.2-5 straight or branched chain alkenyl group, phenyl or phenyl-C.sub.1-5 alkyl group, the two latter ones optionally being substituted on their aromatic part by one or more halogen(s), C.sub.1-5 alkyl, C.sub.1-5 alkoxy, cyano or nitro group(s), with the proviso that at least one of Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 is other than hydrogen; Me stands for an alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal or transition metal ion; q is 0 or 1; M and N, independently from each other, stand for hydrogen or an alkaline metal, alkaline earth metal or optionally substituted ammonium ion; m, n and p are integers each being equal to the charge of M, N or Me, respectively; s and r are, independently from each other, 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that (i) r, s and q cannot simultaneously be 0; and (ii) the number of hydrogens in the meaning of M or N may be 0, 1 or 2, which are useful in the decorporation of metal ions such as the radioactive isotopes of strontium or cerium and may be administered intravenously, locally, transdermally or rectally.

  本发明涉及1,4,10,13-四氧-7,16-二氮杂环十八烷化合物的部分新型金属配合物、盐和双盐，其化学式为(I)： 其中，Q1和Q2表示氢或式(III)的基团，式(III)中的R取代基独立地表示氢、C1-5直链或支链烷基、C2-5直链或支链烯基、苯基或苯基-C1-5烷基，后两者的芳香部分可以选择性地被一个或多个卤素、C1-5烷基、C1-5烷氧基、氰基或硝基取代，但至少有一个Q1和Q2不是氢。Me代表碱金属、碱土金属或过渡金属离子；q为0或1；M和N，独立地表示氢或碱金属、碱土金属或可选择性取代的铵离子；m、n和p是整数，分别等于M、N或Me的电荷；s和r独立地为0、1、2、3或4，但须遵守以下规定：(i) r、s和q不能同时为0；(ii) M或N的氢原子数可以为0、1或2。本发明的化合物可用于去除金属离子，如锶或铈的放射性同位素，并可经静脉、局部、经皮或直肠给药。
• Process for separating 3,5-xylenol or 3,4-xylenol from other
  申请人：Koppers Company, Inc.

  公开号：US04447658A1

  公开（公告）日：1984-05-08

  A process is disclosed for separating 3,5-xylenol or 3,4-xylenol from other closely boiling polymethylated phenolics by treating a mixture of the phenolics with a metal halide salt. The metal halide salt preferentially forms a complex with the xylenol over other related phenolics in the mixture. The preferentially-formed complex of the xylenol may then be isolated from the mixture and the complex decomposed to provide a product substantially enriched in, or substantially entirely composed of the xylenol.

  本发明揭示了一种通过使用金属卤化物盐处理多甲基酚混合物来分离3,5-二甲基酚或3,4-二甲基酚与其他密切沸腾的多甲基酚的方法。金属卤化物盐优先与混合物中的二甲基酚形成络合物，而不是与其他相关的多甲基酚形成络合物。然后可以从混合物中分离出优先形成的二甲基酚络合物，并分解该络合物以提供在3,5-二甲基酚或3,4-二甲基酚方面显着富集或几乎完全由其组成的产品。
• Complex formed to separate 3,5-xylenol or 3,4-xylenol from other
  申请人：Koppers Company, Inc.

  公开号：US04499312A1

  公开（公告）日：1985-02-12

  A process is disclosed for separating 3,5-xylenol or 3,4-xylenol from other closely boiling polymethylated phenolics by treating a mixture of the phenolics with a metal halide salt. The metal halide salt preferentially forms a complex with the xylenol over other related phenolics in the mixture. The preferentially-formed complex of the xylenol may then be isolated from the mixture and the complex decomposed to provide a product substantially enriched in, or substantially entirely composed of the xylenol.

  本发明公开了一种从其他密切沸腾的多甲基酚中分离3,5-二甲基酚或3,4-二甲基酚的方法，该方法是通过将酚混合物与金属卤化物盐处理。金属卤化物盐优先与混合物中的二甲基酚而非其他相关酚形成络合物。然后，可以从混合物中分离出优先形成的二甲基酚络合物，并分解该络合物以提供富集或完全由二甲基酚组成的产品。