氯化铍 | 7787-47-5

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐 - 金属卤化物及卤酸盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 碱土金属盐
• 中文名称: 氯化铍
• 英文名称: beryllium dichloride
• 英文别名: Beryllium chloride [hsdb]；beryllium;dichloride
• CAS: 7787-47-5
• 化学式: BeCl₂
• 分子量: 79.9182
• InChiKey: LWBPNIJBHRISSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L

物化性质

• 熔点：
  399 °C(lit.)
• 沸点：
  520°C
• 密度：
  1.899 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 蒸气密度：
  1 mm at 291°C (subl)
• 溶解度：
  soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, pyridine; insoluble in benzene, toluene
• 物理描述：
  Beryllium chloride is a white to green solid with a sharp odor. (USCG, 1999)
• 颜色/状态：
  White-yellow orthorhombic crystals
• 气味：
  Sharp, acrid
• 味道：
  Sweetish taste
• 蒸汽压力：
  1 mm Hg at 291 °C (sublimes)
• 腐蚀性：
  Corrodes most metals in the presence of moisture.
• 稳定性/保质期：

  极易溶于水并释放热量，溶液呈强酸性。它能溶于酒精、乙醚、吡啶和二硫化碳，并且易溶于水和乙醇及乙醚中，但不溶于苯和三氯甲烷。无水氯化铍可用作有机合成的催化剂。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -6.37
• 重原子数：
  3
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

ADMET

代谢

铍主要通过肺部被吸收，在那里它进入血液并绑定到前白蛋白和γ-球蛋白，从而在体内传输。铍在肺部组织和骨骼中积累，主要通过尿液排出体外。

Beryllium is absorbed mainly through the lungs, where it enters the bloodstream and is transported throughout the body by binding to prealbumins and gamma-globulins. Beryllium accumulates in lung tissue and the skeleton. It is excreted mainly in the urine. (L25)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

一旦进入人体，铍作为半抗原与肺部的人类白细胞抗原（HLA）DP呈递细胞相互作用，并与主要组织相容性（MHC）II类分子物理结合。这种MHC II类-铍-肽复合物被T淋巴细胞受体识别，触发CD4+ T淋巴细胞的激活和增殖。由此产生的炎症反应是一种由细胞因子协调的细胞介导过程，导致（通常是肺部的）肉芽肿形成。铍的毒性可能受到铁储存蛋白铁蛋白的控制，铁蛋白通过结合铍并阻止其与其他酶相互作用来隔离铍。(L25, A37, A91)

Once in the body, beryllium acts as a hapten and interacts with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DP presenting cells in the lungs, becoming physically associated with a major histocompatability (MHC) class II molecule. This MHC class II-beryllium-peptide complex is recognized by the T lymphocyte receptor, triggering CD4+ T lymphocyte activation and proliferation. The resulting inflammatory response is a cell-mediated process orchestrated by cytokines and results in the formation of (usually pulmonary) granulomas. Beryllium's toxicity may be controlled by the iron-storage protein ferritin, which sequesters beryllium by binding it and preventing it from interacting with other enzymes. (L25, A37, A91)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

有充分证据表明铍和铍化合物对人类具有致癌性。铍和铍化合物会导致肺癌。在实验动物中有充分证据表明铍和铍化合物的致癌性。铍和铍化合物对人类具有致癌性（第1组）。/铍和铍化合物/

There is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of beryllium and beryllium compounds. Beryllium and beryllium compounds cause cancer of the lung. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of beryllium and beryllium compounds. Beryllium and beryllium compounds are carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). /Beryllium and beryllium compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

A1; 已确认的人类致癌物。/铍及其化合物，如Be/

A1; Confirmed human carcinogen. /Beryllium and compounds, as Be/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

铍和铍化合物根据人类研究的充分致癌性证据被认为是对人类有致癌作用的。

Beryllium and beryllium compounds are known to be human carcinogens based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans. /Beryllium and compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1, 对人类致癌。

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在受孕前和妊娠第7天和第14天给ICR小鼠静脉注射氯化铍：铍很难透过胎盘，但部分给药剂量在血液中循环足够长的时间，使得铍能够渗透到胎儿体内。

Beryllium chloride admin iv to ICR mice before fertilization & on days 7 & 14 of pregnancy: beryllium penetrates placenta with difficulty, but part of dose admin circulated in blood long enough for beryllium to penetrate the fetuses.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

Wistar大鼠静脉注射氯化铍：在较高剂量后，血液中的水平不按比例地更高，并且持续更长时间。高剂量后血液中的下降伴随着肝脏和脾脏含量的增加以及尿液中排泄的增加，这是静脉给药后的主要途径。

Wistar rats were given iv beryllium chloride: unproportionally higher blood levels after a higher dose persisted for a longer time. Decr in blood after a higher dose was accompanied by incr liver & spleen content & incr urinary excretion, the principal route after iv admin.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

雄性豚鼠吸入氯化铍气溶胶55分钟。沉积在软组织中，大部分在肺和胃肠道，肝脏、肾脏和气管中有微量。一半的动物右肺浓度是左肺的两倍。

Male guinea pigs inhaled beryllium chloride aerosol for 55 min. Was deposited in soft tissue, mostly in lung & GI tract, with trace amounts in liver, kidney, & trachea. Half of the animals had a right lung concn twice that of the left lung.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

氯化铍每隔一天被注射到大鼠的腹膜中...分别为1、2和3个月。...脾脏和肝脏在注射铍积累方面排在首位，其次是肾脏、心脏和肺部，积累量依次减少。

Beryllium chloride was injected into rats intraperitoneum every other day ... /1.2 mg/kg body weight/ for 1, 2 and 3 months respectively. ... Spleen and liver were ranked top in accumulation of injected beryllium followed by kidney, heart, and lung in a decreasing order. ...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险等级：
  6.1(b)
• 危险品标志：
  T+,N
• 安全说明：
  S45,S53,S61
• 危险类别码：
  R49,R36/37/38,R43,R26,R48/23,R51/53,R25
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 1566 6.1/PG 2
• RTECS号：
  DS2625000
• 包装等级：
  III
• 危险类别：
  6.1(b)
• 危险标志：
  GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
• 危险性描述：
  H301,H315,H317,H319,H330,H335,H350i,H372,H410
• 危险性防范说明：
  P201,P260,P280,P301 + P310 + P330,P304 + P340 + P310,P308 + P313,P403 + P233

SDS

第一部分：化学品名称

制备方法与用途

水中溶解度(g/100ml)

在不同温度(℃)时每100毫升水中的溶解克数：

• 42g/10℃
• 42g/20℃

毒性

剧毒。粉尘可经伤口进入，使伤口久不愈合。大鼠经口LD₅₀：86 mg/kg。应使吸入粉尘的患者脱离污染区，安置休息并保暖。不慎溅入眼睛用大量水冲洗15分钟。皮肤接触先用水冲洗，再用肥皂彻底洗涤。误服应急送医院救治。

化学性质

白色至微黄色的结晶性粉末或结晶性块状。极易潮解，相对密度1.90，熔点405℃，沸点约550℃。遇水蒸气则水解。汽化热为105 kJ/mol，熔化热8.66 kJ/mol。极易溶于水，并释放出热量，溶液呈强酸性。可溶于酒精、乙醚、吡啶和二硫化碳。

用途

制造铍。有机反应催化剂。

生产方法

将氧化铍加入盛有适量蒸馏水的反应器中，在搅拌下缓慢加入盐酸进行反应，把反应溶液蒸发浓缩，冷却结晶，离心分离，干燥，制得氯化铍成品。 [ \text{BeO} + 2\text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{BeCl}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} ]

类别

有毒物品

毒性分级

高毒

急性毒性

• 口服-大鼠 LD₅₀: 86 毫克/公斤
• 口服-小鼠 LD₅₀: 92 毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性

不燃；溶于水放热；受热分解有毒铍氧化物烟雾

储运特性

库房通风低温干燥；与食品分开储运

灭火剂

砂土

职业标准

• 时间加权平均容许浓度 (TWA): 0.001 毫克/立方米（铍）
• 短时间接触容许浓度 (STEL): 0.002 毫克/立方米（铍）

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  叔丁基锂 、 氯化铍 生成 di-tert-butylberyllium
  参考文献：
  名称：

  BERKE C. M.; STREITWIESER A. JR., J. ORGANOMETAL. CHEM., 1980, 197, NO 2, 123-134

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Urea compounds and methods of uses
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20020173507A1

  公开（公告）日：2002-11-21

  Selected novel urea compounds are effective for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases, such as cell proliferation or apoptosis mediated diseases. The invention encompasses novel compounds, analogs, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases and other maladies or conditions involving stoke, cancer and the like. The subject invention also relates to processes for making such compounds as well as to intermediates useful in such processes.

  选定的新型脲类化合物对于预防和治疗细胞增殖或凋亡介导的疾病等疾病非常有效。该发明涵盖了新型化合物、类似物、前药和其药学上可接受的盐、药物组合物以及用于预防和治疗中风、癌症等疾病和其他疾病或病症的方法。该发明还涉及制备这些化合物的过程以及在这些过程中有用的中间体。
• Thiazolyl urea compounds and methods of uses
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20020193405A1

  公开（公告）日：2002-12-19

  Selected novel urea compounds are effective for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases, such as cell proliferation or apoptosis mediated diseases. The invention encompasses novel compounds, analogs, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases and other maladies or conditions involving stoke, cancer and the like. The subject invention also relates to processes for making such compounds as well as to intermediates useful in such processes.

  选定的新型脲类化合物在预防和治疗疾病方面具有有效性，例如细胞增殖或凋亡介导的疾病。本发明涵盖了新型化合物、类似物、前药及其药学上可接受的盐、制药组合物和用于预防和治疗中风、癌症等疾病和其他疾病或病况的方法。本发明还涉及制备这些化合物的方法以及在这些过程中有用的中间体。
• Benzopyran compounds useful for treating inflammatory conditions
  申请人：Carter Jeffery

  公开号：US20050148777A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-07-07

  The subject invention concerns methods and compounds that have utility in the treatment of a condition associated with cyclooxygenase-2 mediated disorders. Compounds of particular interest are benzopyrans and their analogs defined by formula 1 Wherein Z, X, R 1 , R 2, R 3 , and R 4 are as described in the specification.

  本发明涉及与环氧合酶-2介导的疾病相关的病症治疗方法和化合物。特别感兴趣的化合物是由公式1定义的苯并吡喃和其类似物，其中Z、X、R1、R2、R3和R4如规范中所述。
• Benzopyran compounds for use in the treatment and prevention of inflammation related conditions
  申请人：Carter Jeffery

  公开号：US20050148627A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-07-07

  The subject invention concerns methods and compounds that have utility in the treatment of a condition associated with cyclooxygenase-2 mediated disorders. Compounds of particular interest are benzopyrans and their analogs defined by formula 1 Wherein Z, X, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are as described in the specification.

  本发明涉及用于治疗与环氧合酶-2介导的疾病相关的条件的方法和化合物。特别感兴趣的化合物是苯并吡喃和它们的类似物，其由公式1定义，其中Z、X、R1、R2、R3和R4如规范中所述。
• Steric Influence on the Constitution of Beryllium Phosphine Complexes
  作者：Magnus R. Buchner、Sergei I. Ivlev

  DOI：10.1002/ejic.202300199

  日期：2023.10.12

  While [(PMe2Ph)2BeX2] (X=Cl, Br, I) and [(PMePh2)2BeX2] are mononuclear complexes, [(PPh3)BeX2]2 is dinuclear and exhibits dynamic behaviour in solution due to phosphine dissociation. This high dynamicity is the reason for halide exchange with dichloromethane.

  确定了膦的阈值锥角，低于该阈值锥角可以将两个配体容纳在二卤化铍片段的第一配体球中。[(PMe 2 Ph) 2 Be X 2 ] ( X =Cl, Br, I) 和 [(PMePh 2 ) 2 Be X 2 ] 是单核配合物，[(PPh 3 )Be X 2 ] 2是双核配合物并表现出由于磷化氢解离而导致溶液中的动态行为。这种高动态性是卤化物与二氯甲烷交换的原因。