Direct <i>gem</i>-difluoromethylenation of sp<sup>3</sup>-hybridized carbon center through copper-mediated radical/radical cross-coupling for the construction of a CH<sub>2</sub>–CF<sub>2</sub> linkage
An efficient gem-difluoromethylenation of benzyl bromides through copper-mediated direct radical/radical C–C cross-coupling has been developed for the construction of CH2–CF2 linkage.
Single electron transfer approaches to the practical synthesis of aromatic and heterocyclic-CF2H derivatives
作者:William R Dolbier、Maurice Médebielle、Samia Ait-Mohand
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)00873-5
日期:2001.7
Single electron transfer (SET) approaches with organic reductants such as sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate (Rongalite®), sodiumdithionite (regarded as precursors of sulfoxylate radical anion) and tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE) were employed for the reductive dehalogenation of a series of halogeno-difluoromethylated aromatics and heterocycles, and for the practical synthesis of the corresponding
2-Trifluoromethyl and 2-difluoromethyl substituted benzimidazole, benzoxazole and benzothiazole derivatives were efficiently prepared through a one-pot reaction of trifluoroacetic acid and difluoroacetic acid, respectively, with commercially available o-phenylenediamines, 2-aminophenols, and 2-aminobenzenethiols in good to excellent yields. Subsequential bromination of 2-difluoromethyl groups by photolysis
Tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene as a Useful Reductant of Some Bromodifluoromethyl Heterocycles. Application to the Synthesis of New <i>gem</i>-Difluorinated Heteroarylated Compounds
作者:Conrad Burkholder、William R. Dolbier、Maurice Médebielle
DOI:10.1021/jo980201+
日期:1998.8.1
The cyclic voltammetry of the reductive cleavage of some bromodifluoromethyl heterocycles and of the oxidation of the tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene was investigated in N,N-dimethylformamide and acetonitrile, at an inert electrode. The systematic investigation of the kinetics of the electrochemical reduction of this series of bromodifluoromethyl compounds provides clear evidence of a concerted electron-transfer-bond-breaking mechanism. Application of the theory of the dissociative electron transfer allowed the estimation of the carbon-halogen bond dissociation energy and the standard potential of the reaction. On the basis of the electrochemical experiments, the tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE) was found to be an effective reductant of the 2-(bromodifluoromethyl)benzoxazole (1) and of the 5-(bromodifluoromethyl)-3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4). A stepwise electron transfer with a difluoromethyl radical as intermediate is assumed to take place in this reaction. Under mild conditions, the generated difluoromethyl heterocyclic anion was efficiently trapped with aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes 7-17 and ketones 18 and 19. In this way, the corresponding beta,beta-difluoro-alpha-heteroarylated alcohols 20-38 were obtained in moderate to good yields and the compounds 20, 21, and 23-27 were tested against the HIV-1 virus.
LISKA, FRANTISEK;VAGNER, JOSEF;DEDEK, VACLAV, SB. VSCHT PRAZE, 29,(1986) 37-43