Electrogenerated chiral cationic glycine equivalents — Part 2: Chiral 3-methoxy-2,5-morpholinediones from (S)-α-hydroxy acids and dimethyl aminomalonate
摘要:
Chiral 3-methoxy-2,5-morpholinediones which are cyclic N,O-acetals have proved to be excellent chiral cationic amino acid equivalents, especially if larger nucleophiles are employed. They are easily obtained from dipeptolides formed between chiral alpha-hydroxy acids and dimethyl amino malonate via regioselective electrochemical methoxylation followed by intramolecular lactonization after decarboxylation. The lactonization can be performed quantitatively from the open-chain peptolide by condenzation under reduced pressure at elevated temperature. The easy separation of the desired amino acid and the alpha-hydroxy acid being the chiral auxiliary by extraction is valuable. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Three different electrochemical methods have been applied for the synthesis of chiral building blocks for diastereoselective amidoalkylation reactions. These are A. the direct anodic α-methoxylation of amides and carbamates; B. anodic methoxylative decarboxylation of α-amino acid derivatives (Hofer-Moest reaction) C. indirect NaCl mediated anodic α-methoxylation of α-amino acid derivatives. The application of these building blocks for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure α-amino acids, dichiral 1,2-amino alcohols and chiral 1,3-diamines is described.
Chiral 3-methoxy-2,5-morpholinediones which are cyclic N,O-acetals have proved to be excellent chiral cationic amino acid equivalents, especially if larger nucleophiles are employed. They are easily obtained from dipeptolides formed between chiral alpha-hydroxy acids and dimethyl amino malonate via regioselective electrochemical methoxylation followed by intramolecular lactonization after decarboxylation. The lactonization can be performed quantitatively from the open-chain peptolide by condenzation under reduced pressure at elevated temperature. The easy separation of the desired amino acid and the alpha-hydroxy acid being the chiral auxiliary by extraction is valuable. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.