2,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-pentenenitrile | 1199790-77-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: 2,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-pentenenitrile
• 英文别名: 2,4-Dimethyl-2-phenylpent-4-enenitrile；2,4-dimethyl-2-phenylpent-4-enenitrile
• CAS: 1199790-77-6
• 化学式: C₁₃H₁₅N
• 分子量: 185.269
• InChiKey: PTQYYYZBPPVYMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.7
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.31
• 拓扑面积：
  23.8
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-methylallyl 2-cyano-2-phenylpropanoate 在 tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) 、 R-(+)-1,1'-联萘-2,2'-双二苯膦 作用下， 以 甲苯 为溶剂， 以75%的产率得到2,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-pentenenitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Regiospecific Decarboxylative Allylation of Nitriles

  摘要：

  Palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative alpha-allylation of nitriles readily occurs with use of Pd-2(dba)(3) and rac-BINAP. This catalyst mixture also allows the highly regiospecific alpha-allylation of nitrites in the presence of much more acidic (x-protons. Thus, the reported method provides access to compounds that are not readily available via base-mediated allylation chemistries. Lastly, mechanistic investigations indicate that there is a competition between C- and N-allylation of an intermediate nitrile-stabilized anion and that N-allylation is followed by a rapid [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ol902065p

文献信息

• Activation of Alcohols with Carbon Dioxide: Intermolecular Allylation of Weakly Acidic Pronucleophiles
  作者：Simon B. Lang、Theresa M. Locascio、Jon A. Tunge

  DOI：10.1021/ol502023d

  日期：2014.8.15

  coupling of allyl alcohols with nitroalkanes, nitriles, and aldehydes using catalytic Pd(PPh3)4 has been accomplished via activation of C–OH bonds with CO2. The in situ formation of carbonates from alcohols and CO2 facilitates oxidative addition to Pd to form reactive π-allylpalladium intermediates. In addition, the formation of a strong base activates nucleophiles toward the reaction with the π-allylpalladium

  使用催化 Pd(PPh 3 ) 4的烯丙醇与硝基烷烃、腈和醛的直接偶联是通过用 CO 2活化 C-OH 键来实现的。由醇和CO 2原位形成碳酸盐有利于Pd的氧化加成，形成反应性π-烯丙基钯中间体。此外，强碱的形成会激活亲核试剂与 π-烯丙基钯亲电子试剂发生反应。总体而言，这种原子经济反应无需使用外部碱即可提供新的 C-C 键，并生成水作为唯一的副产物。
• Regiospecific Decarboxylative Allylation of Nitriles
  作者：Antonio Recio、Jon A. Tunge

  DOI：10.1021/ol902065p

  日期：2009.12.17

  Palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative alpha-allylation of nitriles readily occurs with use of Pd-2(dba)(3) and rac-BINAP. This catalyst mixture also allows the highly regiospecific alpha-allylation of nitrites in the presence of much more acidic (x-protons. Thus, the reported method provides access to compounds that are not readily available via base-mediated allylation chemistries. Lastly, mechanistic investigations indicate that there is a competition between C- and N-allylation of an intermediate nitrile-stabilized anion and that N-allylation is followed by a rapid [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.