substituted thorium fluoride (YTF) solidsolution, YxTh1−xF4−x (x = 0 –0.15) by fluorinating a stoichiometric ratio of yttria (Y2O3) and thoria (ThO2) with ammonium hydrogen difluoride (NH4HF2) was acheived. The maximum solubility of YF3 in ThF4 was observed to be 15 mol %. All three compositions of YxTh1−xF4−x (x = 0 –0.15) solidsolution showed an enhanced ionic conductivity over ThF4. 5 mol % yttrium
Reactions of phenols and alcohols over thoria: Mechanism of ether formation
作者:S KARUPPANNASAMY
DOI:10.1016/0021-9517(80)90032-9
日期:1980.12
The dehydration of phenols and alkylation of phenols by alcohols over thoria were studied at 400–500 °C and atmospheric pressure. Phenol and cresols, when dehydrated gave diaryl ethers as main products. With para-substituted phenols such as p-methoxy, p-t-butyl, p-chloro, and p-nitrophenol no ether formation was noticed. All the reactions were accompanied by considerable amount of coke formation. Alkylation
Effect of Inorganic Ligands and Hydrogen Peroxide on ThO<sub>2</sub> Dissolution. Behaviour of Th<sub>0.87</sub>Pu<sub>0.13</sub>O<sub>2</sub> during Leaching Test
conditions of pH and concentration of anions in the leachate. The first part of this paper describes the influence of pH on the dissolution of ThO2 in both nitric and hydrochloric media. The partial order relative to the proton concentration and the apparent normalized dissolution rate constants were determined. The second part of the paper describes the influence of other ligands such as perchlorate, chloride
ethers as main products. In addition to diaryl ethers, minor products were also formed, which were identified as xanthene and substituted xanthenes. Xanthenes were also formed in the reactions of phenol with alcohols over thoria. A mechanism is proposed for the formation of xanthenes.
phase compounds was carried out up to 1673 K using thermogravimetric (TG) method. Study reveals that addition of thorium in SrU(PO4)2 hinders the oxidation of uranium and stabilizes it in 4+ oxidation state. Thermal expansion behaviour of single phase compounds was studied from ambient to 1273 K in vacuum using high temperature X–ray diffractometer. All the compounds show regular positive thermal expansion