3,4-Dichloroaniline is detoxified and exported via different pathways in Arabidopsis and soybean
摘要:
The metabolic fate of [UL-C-14]-3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) was investigated in Arabidopsis root cultures and soybean plants over a 48 h period following treatment via the root media. DCA was rapidly taken up by both species and metabolised, predominantly to N-malonyl-DCA in soybean and N-glucosyl-DCA in Arabidopsis. Synthesis occurred in the roots and the respective conjugates were largely exported into the culture medium, a smaller proportion being retained within the plant tissue. Once conjugated, the DCA metabolites in the medium were not then readily taken up by roots of either species. The difference in the routes of DCA detoxification in the two plants could be explained partly by the relative activities of the respective conjugating enzymes, soybean containing high DCA-N-malonyltransferase activity, while in Arabidopsis DCA-N-glucosyltransferase activity predominated. A pre-treatment of plants with DCA increased DCA-N-malonyltransferase activity in soybean but not in Arabidopsis, indicating differential regulation of this enzyme in the two plant species. This study demonstrates that DCA can undergo two distinct detoxification mechanisms which both lead to the export of conjugated, metabolites from roots into the surrounding medium in contrast to the vacuolar deposition more commonly associated with the metabolism of xenobiotics in plants. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Buffered microencapsulated compositions and methods
申请人:Latta Mark A.
公开号:US10434044B2
公开(公告)日:2019-10-08
A microcapsule composition comprising at least one polymer substantially disposed as a semi-permeable shell around a buffered solution and at least one therapeutic agent, wherein the therapeutic agent permeates the shell, and wherein the composition is suitable for delivery to a mammal. This invention also provides related compositions, products and methods.
BUFFERED MICROENCAPSULATED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS
申请人:Premier Dental Products Company
公开号:EP3765036A1
公开(公告)日:2021-01-20
US9814657B2
申请人:——
公开号:US9814657B2
公开(公告)日:2017-11-14
[EN] BUFFERED MICROENCAPSULATED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS<br/>[FR] COMPOSITIONS MICROENCAPSULÉES TAMPONNÉES ET MÉTHODES ASSOCIÉES
申请人:PREMIER DENTAL PRODUCTS CO
公开号:WO2019177927A1
公开(公告)日:2019-09-19
A microcapsule composition comprising at least one polymer substantially disposed as a semi-permeable shell around an aqueous buffered solution and at least one agent, wherein the agent permeates the shell, and wherein the composition is suitable for delivery to a mammal. This invention also provides related compositions, products and methods.
<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> KDO8P Synthase, Its Inhibition by KDO8P Oxime, and Control of the Residence Time of Slow-Binding Inhibition
作者:Simanga R. Gama、Naresh Balachandran、Paul J. Berti
DOI:10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00748
日期:2018.9.11
phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) with arabinose5-phosphate (A5P), to produce KDO8P. We have characterized Campylobacter jejuni KDO8P synthase and its inhibition by KDO8P oxime. It was metal-dependent and homotetrameric and followed a rapid equilibrium sequential ordered ter ter kinetic mechanism in which Mn2+ bound first, followed by PEP and then A5P. It was inhibited by KDO8P oxime, an analogue of 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate
3-脱氧d -甘露-2- octulosonate -8-磷酸盐(KDO8P)合酶催化脂多糖生物合成,即磷酸(PEP)的缩合与阿拉伯糖5-磷酸(A5P)第一步骤中,以产生KDO8P。我们已经表征了空肠弯曲杆菌KDO8P合酶及其对KDO8P肟的抑制作用。它是金属依赖性和同四聚体的,并且遵循快速平衡的顺序有序的三级动力学机理,其中首先结合了Mn 2+,然后是PEP,然后是A5P。它被KDO8P肟(3-deoxy- d - arabino的类似物)抑制-七磷酸7-磷酸(DAHP)肟,DAHP合酶的过渡态模拟物。对于Mn 2+,抑制作用是非竞争性的,而对于PEP和A5P,抑制作用是竞争性的。它既显示了快速结合抑制(K i = 10μM)又显示了缓慢结合抑制(K i * = 0.57μM)。在酶上的停留时间(t R)范围从不存在游离抑制剂的27分钟到过量抑制剂的69 h。t R的依赖关于游离抑制剂的