Copper‐Catalyzed Aza‐Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling To Form Ynimines: Development and Application to the Synthesis of Heterocycles
摘要:
AbstractNitrogen‐substituted alkynes, such as ynamines and ynamides, are versatile synthetic building blocks. Ynimines bearing additional nucleophilic and electrophilic centers relative to ynamines and ynamides are expected to have high synthetic potential. However, their chemical reactivity remains unexplored owing mainly to the lack of synthetic accessibility. We report herein a versatile copper‐catalyzed synthesis of ynimines from readily available O‐acetyl ketoximes and terminal alkynes. A wide range of O‐acetyl ketoximes derived from diaryl ketones, aryl alkyl ketones and dialkyl ketones underwent cross‐coupling with a diverse set of terminal alkynes to afford the ynimines in good to excellent yields. An unprecedented [5+1] heteroannulation reaction exploiting the reactivity of the ynimine generated in situ was subsequently developed for the synthesis of medicinally important heterocycles, including isoquinolines, azaindoles, azabenzofurans, azabenzothiophenes and carbolines.
facile and practical method for the preparation of (E)-β-arylenamides [(E)-N-(1-arylprop-1-en-2-yl]acetamides] has been developed by reductive acetylation of the corresponding oximes with iron(II) acetate as the reducing reagent. Employment of hexamethylphosphoramide as the solvent was found to be critical for the high E/Z selectivity. The methodology has been applied in efficient syntheses of a key
Copper‐Catalyzed Aza‐Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling To Form Ynimines: Development and Application to the Synthesis of Heterocycles
作者:Rémi Lavernhe、Rubén O. Torres‐Ochoa、Qian Wang、Jieping Zhu
DOI:10.1002/anie.202110901
日期:2021.11.2
AbstractNitrogen‐substituted alkynes, such as ynamines and ynamides, are versatile synthetic building blocks. Ynimines bearing additional nucleophilic and electrophilic centers relative to ynamines and ynamides are expected to have high synthetic potential. However, their chemical reactivity remains unexplored owing mainly to the lack of synthetic accessibility. We report herein a versatile copper‐catalyzed synthesis of ynimines from readily available O‐acetyl ketoximes and terminal alkynes. A wide range of O‐acetyl ketoximes derived from diaryl ketones, aryl alkyl ketones and dialkyl ketones underwent cross‐coupling with a diverse set of terminal alkynes to afford the ynimines in good to excellent yields. An unprecedented [5+1] heteroannulation reaction exploiting the reactivity of the ynimine generated in situ was subsequently developed for the synthesis of medicinally important heterocycles, including isoquinolines, azaindoles, azabenzofurans, azabenzothiophenes and carbolines.
A mild one-pot transformation of nitroalkanes to ketones or aldehydes <i>via</i> a visible-light photocatalysis–hydrolysis sequence
i-PrOH (instead of CH3CN), the transformation of nitroalkanes to the corresponding oximes, rather than nitrones, can be markedly more effective. The oximes can then be hydrolyzed to ketones by reaction with CuCl2·2H2O in a pH 7 buffer solution. This process is appealing because of the benefits of efficient conversion, mild conditions, high yields, and general applicability to compounds with a wide range
使用具有家用装饰性蓝色 LED 和添加剂 Et 3 N 和 DIPEA 的可见光光氧化还原催化策略,以及随后的水解序列,将硝基烷烃直接转化为相应的酮和醛的温和一锅法,构成已经开发出类似Nef的反应。值得注意的是,通过在 i-PrOH 中使用合适的光催化剂(例如,[Ir(dtbbpy)(ppy) 2 ]PF 6)和额外的添加剂 Et 3 N 以及 DIPEA 和 Mg(ClO 4 ) 2的组合(代替 CH 3CN),将硝基烷烃转化为相应的肟,而不是硝酮,可以明显更有效。然后可以通过在pH 7缓冲溶液中与CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O反应将肟水解成酮。该方法具有转化效率高、条件温和、产率高以及对具有广泛不稳定官能团的化合物的普遍适用性等优点。