Solution- and Solid-Phase Synthesis of Inhibitors of H. pylori Attachment and E-Selectin-Mediated Leukocyte Adhesion
摘要:
Chemical and enzymatic methods have been developed for the synthesis of the oligosaccharides NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1 -->4GlcNAc beta 1-->3Gal and NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->4(Fuc alpha 1-->3)GlcNAc beta 1-->3Gal as inhibitors for H. pylori and E-selectin, respectively. Gal, NeuAc, and Fuc were incorporated sequentially into the synthetic primer GlcNAc beta 1-->3Gal beta OEt by the corresponding glycosyltransferases to give both the tetrasaccharide and the pentasaccharide. This solution-phase strategy was then extended to the solid-phase synthesis of the tetrasaccharide. A disaccharide primer was first attached to controlled pore glass via a spacer group containing an ester bond, followed by enzymatic incorporation of Gal and NeuAc. Two to three equivalents of sugar nucleotides were used in the enzymatic glycosylationl and the conversion for each step was found to be > 98% as indicated in the analysis of products released by treatment with hydrazine.
The present invention relates to novel alkanoic acid derivatives thereof, their synthesis, and their use as &agr;v integrin receptor antagonists. More particularly, the compounds of the present invention are antagonists of the integrin receptors &agr;v&bgr;3 and/or &agr;v&bgr;5 and are useful for inhibiting bone resorption, treating and preventing osteoporosis, and inhibiting vascular restenosis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory arthritis, cancer, and metastatic tumor growth.
Triflic Acid Catalyzed Reductive Coupling Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds with O-, S-, and N-Nucleophiles
作者:Beate A. Gellert、Nils Kahlcke、Markus Feurer、Stefanie Roth
DOI:10.1002/chem.201101819
日期:2011.10.17
Highly efficient metal‐free reductivecoupling reactions of aldehydes and ketones with a range of nucleophiles in the presence of triflic acid (1–5 mol %) as the catalyst are presented. The reactions can be performed at ambient temperature without exclusion of moisture or air. A range of symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers were obtained by this method in high yields and short reaction times. For the
The photolysis of α-alkoxycyclohexanones and α-alkoxycyclopentanones in ethanol involves NII elimination of an alkoxy group. The proportion of cyclanone is higher when starting from α-alkoxycyclohexanones, and esters are isolated in low yields. No ester, but aldehydes are obtained from α-alkoxycyclopentanones. By photolysis of 2-methoxy norbornanone, only epimerisation is detected. Oxetanols are formed
CSI-NaOH procedure provided a new and mild methodology for the deprotection of benzyl and p-methoxybenzyl ethers without affecting the other functional groups under similar reaction conditions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.