Tert-butyl 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-3-carboxylate | 176790-95-7

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 二氮杂萘
• 英文名称: Tert-butyl 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-3-carboxylate
• CAS: 176790-95-7
• 化学式: C₁₅H₁₇N₃O₂
• 分子量: 271.319
• InChiKey: RVHJQWRDMINKFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.4
• 重原子数：
  20
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  3.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  56.2
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  Tert-butyl 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-3-carboxylate 在 N,N-二异丙基乙胺 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 16.0h， 生成 tert-butyl 5-[(3S,5R)-3,5-dimethylpiperazine-1-carbonyl]-4H-imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-3-carboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Piperazine Imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline Ureas as High-Affinity GABA_A Ligands of Dual Functionality

  摘要：

  A series of imidazo[1,5-alpha]quinoxaline piperazine ureas appended with a tert-butyl ester side chain at the 3-position was developed. Analogues within this series have high affinity for the gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A))/benzodiazepine receptor complex with efficacies ranging from inverse agonists to full agonists. Many analogues were found to be partial agonists as indicated by [S-35]TBPS and Cl- current ratios. Uniquely, a number of these analogues were found to have a bell-shaped dose-response profile in the alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) subtype as determined by whole cell patch-clamp technique, where in vitro efficacy was found to decrease with increasing drug concentration. Many of the compounds from this series were effective in antagonizing metrazole-induced seizures, consistent with anticonvulsant and possibly anxiolytic activity. Additionally, several analogues were also effective in lowering cGMP levels (to control values) after applied stress, also consistent with anxiolytic-like properties. The most effective compounds in these screens were also active in animal models of anxiety such as the Vogel and Geller assays. The use of the piperazine substituent allowed for excellent drug levels and a long duration of action in the central nervous system for many of the quinoxalines, as determined by ex vivo assay. Pharmacokinetic analysis of several compounds indicated excellent oral bioavailability and a reasonable half-life in rats. From this series emerged two partial agonists (55, 91) which had good activity in anxiolytic models, acceptable pharmacokinetics, and minimal benzodiazepine-type side effects.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm9801307
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3,4-二氢-1H-喹噁啉-2-酮 在 potassium tert-butylate 、 叔丁醇 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 反应 3.5h， 生成 Tert-butyl 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-3-carboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Piperazine Imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline Ureas as High-Affinity GABA_A Ligands of Dual Functionality

  摘要：

  A series of imidazo[1,5-alpha]quinoxaline piperazine ureas appended with a tert-butyl ester side chain at the 3-position was developed. Analogues within this series have high affinity for the gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A))/benzodiazepine receptor complex with efficacies ranging from inverse agonists to full agonists. Many analogues were found to be partial agonists as indicated by [S-35]TBPS and Cl- current ratios. Uniquely, a number of these analogues were found to have a bell-shaped dose-response profile in the alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) subtype as determined by whole cell patch-clamp technique, where in vitro efficacy was found to decrease with increasing drug concentration. Many of the compounds from this series were effective in antagonizing metrazole-induced seizures, consistent with anticonvulsant and possibly anxiolytic activity. Additionally, several analogues were also effective in lowering cGMP levels (to control values) after applied stress, also consistent with anxiolytic-like properties. The most effective compounds in these screens were also active in animal models of anxiety such as the Vogel and Geller assays. The use of the piperazine substituent allowed for excellent drug levels and a long duration of action in the central nervous system for many of the quinoxalines, as determined by ex vivo assay. Pharmacokinetic analysis of several compounds indicated excellent oral bioavailability and a reasonable half-life in rats. From this series emerged two partial agonists (55, 91) which had good activity in anxiolytic models, acceptable pharmacokinetics, and minimal benzodiazepine-type side effects.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm9801307

文献信息

• Oxidative cyclization of acyclic ureas with bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene to generate N-substituted 2-benzimidazolinones
  作者：Arthur G. Romero、William H. Darlington、E.Jon Jacobsen、John W. Mickelson

  DOI：10.1016/0040-4039(96)00291-2

  日期：1996.4

  2-benzimidazolinones from secondary aromatic amines is presented. Sequential treatment of a secondary aromatic amine with phosgene and methoxylamine afforded an acyclic 3-substituted 3-aryl-1-methoxy urea. Brief exposure of this urea to bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene induced an oxidative cyclization to the ortho-position of the benzene ring, resulting in the formation of a 3-substituted 1-methoxy-2-benzimidazloinone

  提出了一种从仲芳族胺合成N-取代的2-苯并咪唑啉酮的简便方法。用光气和甲氧基胺顺序地处理仲芳族胺，得到无环的3-取代的3-芳基-1-甲氧基脲。将该脲短暂暴露于双（三氟乙酰氧基）碘苯可引起氧化环化至苯环的邻位，从而形成3-取代的1-甲氧基-2-苯并咪唑啉酮。经氢化裂解甲氧基，得到N-取代的2-苯并咪唑啉酮。
• Piperazine Imidazo[1,5-<i>a</i>]quinoxaline Ureas as High-Affinity GABA_A Ligands of Dual Functionality
  作者：E. Jon Jacobsen、Lindsay S. Stelzer、Ruth E. TenBrink、Kenneth L. Belonga、Donald B. Carter、Haesook K. Im、Wha Bin Im、Vimala H. Sethy、Andy H. Tang、Philip F. VonVoigtlander、James D. Petke、Wei-Zhu Zhong、John W. Mickelson

  DOI：10.1021/jm9801307

  日期：1999.4.1

  A series of imidazo[1,5-alpha]quinoxaline piperazine ureas appended with a tert-butyl ester side chain at the 3-position was developed. Analogues within this series have high affinity for the gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A))/benzodiazepine receptor complex with efficacies ranging from inverse agonists to full agonists. Many analogues were found to be partial agonists as indicated by [S-35]TBPS and Cl- current ratios. Uniquely, a number of these analogues were found to have a bell-shaped dose-response profile in the alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) subtype as determined by whole cell patch-clamp technique, where in vitro efficacy was found to decrease with increasing drug concentration. Many of the compounds from this series were effective in antagonizing metrazole-induced seizures, consistent with anticonvulsant and possibly anxiolytic activity. Additionally, several analogues were also effective in lowering cGMP levels (to control values) after applied stress, also consistent with anxiolytic-like properties. The most effective compounds in these screens were also active in animal models of anxiety such as the Vogel and Geller assays. The use of the piperazine substituent allowed for excellent drug levels and a long duration of action in the central nervous system for many of the quinoxalines, as determined by ex vivo assay. Pharmacokinetic analysis of several compounds indicated excellent oral bioavailability and a reasonable half-life in rats. From this series emerged two partial agonists (55, 91) which had good activity in anxiolytic models, acceptable pharmacokinetics, and minimal benzodiazepine-type side effects.