Syntheses of Benzilic Acids through Electrochemical Reductive Carboxylation of Benzophenones in the Presence of Carbon Dioxide
作者:Yoshikazu Ikeda、Eiichiro Manda
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.58.1723
日期:1985.6
Reaction conditions for the electrochemical synthesis of benzilic acid (2a) under the atmosphere of carbon dioxide was investigated from the preparative points of view. The highest yield of 2a (86%) was obtained under the following conditions; cathode: mercury, electricity passed: 2.3 F/mol, constant current density: 2.5 mA/cm2, benzophenone (1a) (8.2×10−3mol), electrolyte(KI, 1.7×10−2mol) in DMF (50
Photocatalytic Carbinol Cation/Anion Umpolung: Direct Addition of Aromatic Aldehydes and Ketones to Carbon Dioxide
作者:Shintaro Okumura、Yasuhiro Uozumi
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02592
日期:2021.9.17
We have developed a new photocatalytic umpolung reaction of carbonyl compounds to generate anionic carbinol synthons. Aromaticaldehydes or ketones reacted with carbon dioxide in the presence of an iridium photocatalyst and 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole (DMBI) as a reductant under visible-light irradiation to furnish the corresponding α-hydroxycarboxylic acids through nucleophilic
3,6-Disubstituted Azabicyclo (3.1.0) Hexane Derivatives as Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists
申请人:Salman Mohammad
公开号:US20080319043A1
公开(公告)日:2008-12-25
The present invention generally relates to muscarinic receptor antagonists, which are useful, among other uses, for the treatment of various diseases of the respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal systems mediated through muscarinic receptors. The invention also relates to the process for the preparation of disclosed compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing the disclosed compounds, and the methods for treating diseases mediated through muscarinic receptors.