通过使用铁催化的CF胺,可以从二芳基胺一锅合成各种5,10-diaryl-5,10-dihydrophenazines(DADHPs)。在催化FeCl 2和化学计量的1,2-二溴乙烷存在下,二芳基酰胺镁的均二聚化,然后进行脱氟分子内环化(双邻位CF胺化),可提供相应的DADHPs,具有完全的区域控制能力。氟对其他卤素的独特高反应性表明,胺化是通过铁促进的S N Ar机理进行的。
通过使用铁催化的CF胺,可以从二芳基胺一锅合成各种5,10-diaryl-5,10-dihydrophenazines(DADHPs)。在催化FeCl 2和化学计量的1,2-二溴乙烷存在下,二芳基酰胺镁的均二聚化,然后进行脱氟分子内环化(双邻位CF胺化),可提供相应的DADHPs,具有完全的区域控制能力。氟对其他卤素的独特高反应性表明,胺化是通过铁促进的S N Ar机理进行的。
Stable Nickel(0) Phosphites as Catalysts for CN Cross-Coupling Reactions
作者:Sven S. Kampmann、Alexandre N. Sobolev、George A. Koutsantonis、Scott G. Stewart
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201400201
日期:2014.6.16
phosphite‐based catalysts for use in the CNcross‐couplingreaction. The combination of nickel tetrakis(triphenyl phosphite) Ni[P(OPh)3]4} and 1,1′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf), and in particular a newly developed catalyst (dppf)Ni[P(OPh)3]2, were found to be extremely effective in catalyzing a range of amination reactions of anilines and amines with aryl chlorides. This new catalyst system offers
The invention provides an unleaded gasoline composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the range from 30° C. to 230° C. and 2% to 20% by volume, based on the gasoline composition, of diisobutylene, the gasoline composition having Research Octane Number (RON) in the range 91 to 101, Motor Octane Number (MON) in the range 81.3 to 93, and relationship between RON and MON such that
(a) when 101≧RON>98, (57.65+0.35 RON)≧MON>(3.2 RON−230.2), and
(b) when 98≧RON≧91, (57.65+0.35 RON)≧MON≧(0.3 RON+54),
with the proviso that the gasoline composition does not contain a MON-boosting aromatic amine optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms and/or C
1-10
hydrocarbyl groups; a process for the preparation of such a gasoline composition; and a method of operating an automobile powered by a spark-ignition engine equipped with a knock sensor, with improved power output.