A palladium-catalyzedsynthesis of acyl pyrroles from aryl and alkenyl iodides is reported. This carbonylative amination requires only atmospheric (balloon) pressure of carbon monoxide and proceeds with Pd(PPh3)4 and Pd-NHC catalysts. Aryl and heteroaryl iodides give the corresponding acyl pyrroles in good to excellent yields, while alkenyl iodides provide the corresponding acyl pyrroles in low to
P-450-CATALYZED ENANTIOSELECTIVE CYCLOPROPANATION OF ELECTRON-DEFICIENT OLEFINS
申请人:CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
公开号:US20160032330A1
公开(公告)日:2016-02-04
The present invention pertains to the use of engineered variants of enzyme CYP102A, also known as P450-BM3, for cyclopropanation of olefins containing electron-withdrawing groups. One exemplary enzyme variant, referred to as BM3-HStar, contains five mutations away from wild-type P450-BM3, and demonstrates high activity towards cyclopropanation of olefinic substrates using ethyldiazoacetate (EDA) and other carbene transfer reagents. Products of these reactions are potential precursors of levomilnacipran derivatives, a class of compounds that have been shown to be selective inhibitors of monoamine transporters. In addition, cyclopropanation reactions with the P450-BM3 enzyme variants of the invention can be conducted in whole cells expressing the enzyme variants and can proceed under aerobic conditions.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Heterocycle Functionalization via Geometrically Interrupted [2+2] Cycloaddition
作者:Mihai V. Popescu、Aroonroj Mekereeya、Juan V. Alegre‐Requena、Robert S. Paton、Martin D. Smith
DOI:10.1002/anie.202009704
日期:2020.12.14
cyclization in the triplet excited state to yield a 1,4‐diradical; intersystem crossing leads preferentially to the closed shell singlet zwitterion. This is geometrically restricted from undergoing recombination to yield a cyclobutane by the planarity of the amide substituent. A prototropic shift leads to the observed bicyclic products in what can be viewed as an interrupted [2+2] cycloaddition.