It takes two to tango: Only the dinuclear but not the mononuclear metal complexes of triazacyclododecane ([12]aneN3) were able to induce the Z-DNA of poly d(GC).
The Dinuclear Zn(II) Complex Catalyzed Cyclization of a Series of 2-Hydroxypropyl Aryl Phosphate RNA Models: Progressive Change in Mechanism from Rate-Limiting P−O Bond Cleavage to Substrate Binding
作者:Shannon E. Bunn、C. Tony Liu、Zhong-Lin Lu、Alexei A. Neverov、R. Stan Brown
DOI:10.1021/ja076847d
日期:2007.12.1
substrates (4b,a) the rate-limiting step is binding. The catalysis of the cyclization of these substrates is extremely efficient. The kcat/KM values for the catalyzed reactions range from 2.75 x 10(5) to 2.3 x 10(4) M-1 s-1, providing an acceleration of 1x 10(8) to 4 x 10(9) relative to the methoxide reaction (k2OCH3, which ranges from 2.6 x 10(-3) to 5.9 x 10(-6) M-1 s-1 for 4a-g). At a pH of 9.8 where the
Biomimetic Cleavage of RNA Models Promoted by a Dinuclear Zn(II) Complex in Ethanol. Greater than 30 kcal/mol Stabilization of the Transition State for Cleavage of a Phosphate Diester
作者:C. Tony Liu、Alexei A. Neverov、R. Stan Brown
DOI:10.1021/ja806462x
日期:2008.12.10
rate limiting step from cleavage of the phosphate to a conformational change where the binding of the phosphate changes from one P-O- ----Zn(II) interaction to a Zn(II)----O-P-O---Zn(II) double activation. An energetics calculation comparing the ethoxide promoted cleavage of 1a-g with the 3:Zn(ll)2:(-OEt) promoted reaction indicates that the complex, 3:Zn(II)2, stabilizes the ethoxide plus substrate transition
A Simple DNase Model System Comprising a Dinuclear Zn(II) Complex in Methanol Accelerates the Cleavage of a Series of Methyl Aryl Phosphate Diesters by 10<sup>11</sup>−10<sup>13</sup>
作者:Alexei A. Neverov、C. Tony Liu、Shannon E. Bunn、David Edwards、Christopher J. White、Stephanie A. Melnychuk、R. Stan Brown
DOI:10.1021/ja8006963
日期:2008.5.1
The di-Zn(II) complex of 1,3-bis[N-1,N-1'-(1,5,9-triazacyclododecyl)] propane with an associated methoxide (3:Zn(II)(2):-OCH3) was prepared and its catalysis of the methanolysis of a series of fourteen methyl aryl phosphate diesters (6) was studied at (s)(s)pH 9.8 in methanol at 25.0 +/- 0.1 degrees C. Plots of k(obs) VS [3:Zn(II)(2):-OCH3](free) for all members of 6 show saturation behavior from which K-M and k(cat)(max) were determined. The second order rate constants for the catalyzed reactions (k(cat)(max)/K-M) for each substrate are larger than the corresponding methoxide catalyzed reaction (k(2)(-OMe)) by 1.4 x 10(8) to 3 x 10(9)-fold. The values of kcatmax for all members of 6 are between 4 x 10(11) and 3 x 10(13) times larger than the solution reaction at (s)(s)pH 9.8, with the largest accelerations being given for substrates where the departing aryloxy unit contains ortho-NO2 or C(= O)OCH3 groups. Based on the linear Bronsted plots of k(cat)(max) VS (s)(s)pK(a)of the phenol, beta(Ig) values of -0.57 and -0.34 are determined respectively for the catalyzed methanolysis of "regular' substrates that do not contain the ortho-NO2 or C(= O)OCH3 groups, and those substrates that do. The data are consistent with a two step mechanism for the catalyzed reaction with rate limiting formation of a catalyst-coordinated phosphorane intermediate, followed by fast loss of the aryloxy leaving group. A detailed energetics calculation indicates that the catalyst binds the transition state comprising [CH3O-:6]double dagger, giving a hypothetical [3:Zn(II)(2):CH3O-:6]double dagger complex, by -21.4 to -24.5 kcal/mol, with the strongest binding being for those substrates having the ortho-NO2 or C(= O)OCH3 groups.
Effective and reversible DNA condensation induced by bifunctional molecules containing macrocyclic polyamines and naphthyl moieties
A series of bifunctional molecules containing macrocyclic polyamines [12]aneN(3) and naphthyl moieties 1-3(a, b) have been designed and synthesized through efficient N-alkylation and copper-mediated alkyne-azide click reactions. Experiments on gel electrophoresis, dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy confirmed that 2b and 3b with two [12]aneN(3) units efficiently induced the DNA condensation at the concentration of 120 mu M in less than 5 min. The condensation mechanism was studied by EB displacement fluorescence spectra, viscosity titration, and ionic strength effects. The condensation process was found to be reversible, and the presence of both naphthyl and [12]aneN(3) units in the molecules was proved to be necessary for the effective DNA condensation inductions. Cytotoxicity assay showed that the presence of triazole moieties can result in lower toxicity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.