Disclosed are novel A
2A
adenosine receptor antagonists, useful for treating various disease states, for example cardiovascular disorders, including tissue damage due to ischemia, CNS diseases, including Parkinson's disease, depression, and the like.
Disclosed are novel methods of antagonizing the A
3
adenosine receptor in a mammal, comprising administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective dose of a compound of the formula:
wherein R is hydrogen or acyl; R
1
is hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted C
1-4
alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, or optionally substituted heteroaryl; R
2
is optionally substituted C
1-4
alkyl; Y is C
1-4
alkylene; and Z is phenyl, optionally substituted with halo, optionally substituted C
1-4
alkyl, or C
1-4
alkoxy. The A
3
adenosine receptors may be antagonized in order to treat a disease state is chosen from renal failure, nephritis, hypertension, oedemas, Alzheimers disease, stress, depression, cardiac arrhythmia, restoration of cardiac function, asthma, respiratory disorders, ischemia-induced injury of the brain, heart and kidney, and diarrhea. Preferred compounds selectively antagonize A
3
adenosine receptors over A
1
adenosine receptors, A
2A
adenosine receptors and A
2B
adenosine receptors.
adenine derivative library revealed that some compounds are able to inhibit the CK1δ enzyme isoform with IC50 in the low µM range. Molecular docking analyses were performed at a X-ray structure of the enzyme, leading to the rational design of novel di- and tri-substituted adenines that were synthesized and characterized. Biological evaluation demonstrated that the new compounds are endowed with moderate