Antibacterial and antifungal activity of acyclic and macrocyclic uracil derivatives with quaternized nitrogen atoms in spacers
摘要:
The reactions of 1,3-bis(alpha,omega-bromoalkyl)-6-methyluracils with 1,3-bis(alpha,omega-ethylaminoalkyl)-6-methyluracils or 1,3-bis(bromopentyl)thymine with butylamine afforded pyrimidinophanes containing one or two uracil units and nitrogen atoms in bridging polymethylene chains. In some cases individual geometric isomers of pyrimidinophanes differing in the mutual arrangement of the carbonyl and methyl groups at different pyrimidine rings were isolated. Quaternization of the bridging nitrogen atom with o-nitrobenzyl bromide, benzyl bromide, n-decyl bromide gave rise to water-soluble pyrimidinophanes which were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The arrangement of the carbonyl groups in macrocycles doesn't affect the activity. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of pyrimidinophanes increases with the increase of polymethylene N-(pyr)-N-chain length and dramatically increases upon the introduction of n-decyl substituent at nitrogen atoms in spacers. Pyrimidi-nophanes with 5 and 6 methylene groups in N(pyr)-N-chain and n-decyl substituent showed significant bacteriostatic, fungistatic, bactericidal, fungicidal activity which comparable with standard antibacterial and antifungal drugs. Acyclic counterpart demonstrated the highest activity against fungi. Toxicity of more effective pyrimidinophanes was determined for mice and Daphnia magna Straus. (c) 2006 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Second Generation Tetrahydroquinoline-Based Protein Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors as Antimalarials
作者:Pravin Bendale、Srinivas Olepu、Praveen Kumar Suryadevara、Vivek Bulbule、Kasey Rivas、Laxman Nallan、Brian Smart、Kohei Yokoyama、Sudha Ankala、Prakash Rao Pendyala、David Floyd、Louis J. Lombardo、David K. Williams、Frederick S. Buckner、Debopam Chakrabarti、Christophe L. M. J. Verlinde、Wesley C. Van Voorhis、Michael H. Gelb
DOI:10.1021/jm0703340
日期:2007.9.1
Substituted tetrahydroquinolines (THQs) have been previously identified as inhibitors of mammalian protein farnesyltransferase (PFT). Previously we showed that blocking PFT in the malaria parasite led to cell death and that THQ-based inhibitors are the most potent among several structural classes of PFT inhibitors (PFTIs). We have prepared 266 THQ-based PFTIs and discovered several compounds that inhibit the malarial enzyme in the sub- to low-nanomolar range and that block the growth of the parasite (P. falciparum) in the lownanomolar ran-e. This body of structure- activity data can be rationalized in most cases by consideration of the X-ray structure of one of the THQs bound to mammalian PFT together with a homology structural model of the malarial enzyme. The results of this study provide the basis for selection of antimalarial PFTIs for further evaluation in preclinical drug discovery assays.