Tin tetrachloride-induced π-cyclizations of glycine cation equivalents to substituted pipecolic acid derivatives
摘要:
Cationic pi-cyclization reactions of N-(3-alkenyl)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)acetoxyglycine esters induced by tin tetrachloride in dichloromethane are described. Reactions started and quenched with water at -78-degrees-C mainly yield cis-4-hydroxypipecolic esters, whereas reactions quenched after warm-up to room temperature provide trans-4-chloropipecolic esters as major products. A mechanistic scheme is advanced which adequately explains these results. The essentials are a rapid cationic aza-Cope equilibrium of the incipient iminium cation, and participation of the ester moiety through formation of a relatively stable bicyclic dioxycarbenium cation as pivotal intermediate.
Organic Dye Photocatalyzed Synthesis of Functionalized Lactones and Lactams via a Cyclization–Alkynylation Cascade
作者:Diana Cavalli、Jerome Waser
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01078
日期:2024.5.24
accessible homoallylic cesium oxalates using ethynylbenziodoxolone (EBX) reagents has been developed. The reaction gave access to valuable functionalized lactones and lactams in up to 88% yield via the formation of two new C–C bonds. The transformation was carried out on primary, secondary, and tertiaryhomoallylicalcohols and primary homoallylic amines and could be applied to the synthesis of spirocyclic
Epoxidation of Primary and Secondary Alkenylammonium Salts with Dimethyldioxirane, Methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane, and m-Chloroperbenzoic Acid. A General Synthetic Route to Epoxyalkylamines
作者:Gregorio Asensio、Rossella Mello、Carmen Boix-Bernardini、Maria Elena Gonzalez-Nunez、Gloria Castellano
DOI:10.1021/jo00117a020
日期:1995.6
Selective syn-epoxidation of C=C double bonds in primary and secondary alkenylammonium arenesulfonate salts 3H(+), to give the corresponding epoxyalkylammonium salts 4H(+), has been achieved by reaction with electrophilic O-transfer reagents such as m-CPBA, methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane (TFDO), and dimethyldioxirane (DMDO). Epoxyalkylamines 4 are easily obtained in high yields from the corresponding epoxyalkylammonium salts 4H(+) by simple deprotonation with sodium carbonate. The ammonium group deactivates the C=C double bond, and hence the epoxidation rate is slower than in the case of simple olefins. II-Bonding interaction between the ammonium group and the O-transfer reagent(m-CPBA and DMDO) in the transition state is claimed to account for the rate enhancement and diastereoselectivity observed when the necessary conformational requirements are established. The allylic ammonium group is shown to be very efficient in directing the epoxidation with m-CPBA and DMDO on the syn-diastereoface.