Tin tetrachloride-induced π-cyclizations of glycine cation equivalents to substituted pipecolic acid derivatives
摘要:
Cationic pi-cyclization reactions of N-(3-alkenyl)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)acetoxyglycine esters induced by tin tetrachloride in dichloromethane are described. Reactions started and quenched with water at -78-degrees-C mainly yield cis-4-hydroxypipecolic esters, whereas reactions quenched after warm-up to room temperature provide trans-4-chloropipecolic esters as major products. A mechanistic scheme is advanced which adequately explains these results. The essentials are a rapid cationic aza-Cope equilibrium of the incipient iminium cation, and participation of the ester moiety through formation of a relatively stable bicyclic dioxycarbenium cation as pivotal intermediate.
Tin tetrachloride-induced π-cyclizations of glycine cation equivalents to substituted pipecolic acid derivatives
摘要:
Cationic pi-cyclization reactions of N-(3-alkenyl)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)acetoxyglycine esters induced by tin tetrachloride in dichloromethane are described. Reactions started and quenched with water at -78-degrees-C mainly yield cis-4-hydroxypipecolic esters, whereas reactions quenched after warm-up to room temperature provide trans-4-chloropipecolic esters as major products. A mechanistic scheme is advanced which adequately explains these results. The essentials are a rapid cationic aza-Cope equilibrium of the incipient iminium cation, and participation of the ester moiety through formation of a relatively stable bicyclic dioxycarbenium cation as pivotal intermediate.
Reductive cyclization of carbon-centered glycine radicals; a novel synthetic route to cyclic α-amino acids
作者:Peter M. Esch、Henk Hiemstra、Richard F. de Boer、W.Nico Speckamp
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)81240-0
日期:1992.1
Reductive cyclizations (tributylin hydride, AIBN) of several α-(penthylthio)glycine derivatives with a 30alkenyl substituent at nitrogen are reported. These reactions proceed via 2-aza-5-alken-1-yl radicals as intermediates which bear electron-withdrawing carbonyl substituents at the radical center and at nitrogen. Such radicals can be considered as relatively stable captodative radicals, but are reactive
Synthesis of cyclic α-amino acids through ring closure of glycine derived free radicals
作者:Peter M. Esch、Henk Hiemstra、W. Nico Speckamp
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)94622-7
日期:1990.1
Cyclizations of 1-methoxycarbonyl-2-aza-5-hexenyl (and related) radical intermediates proceed in good yields and constitute a novel synthetic route to proline and pipecolic acid analogues.