pH-Regulated transfer hydrogenation of quinoxalines with a Cp*Ir–diamine catalyst in aqueous media
摘要:
The combination of [Cp*IrCl2](2) with N-(2-aminoethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide constitutes an efficient catalyst for selective transfer hydrogenation of a variety of quinoxalines in water with HCOONa as the hydrogen source, affording the corresponding tetrahydroquinoxalines in good to excellent yields. The catalyst is air-stable, and the reduction could be performed without nitrogen protection. The aqueous phase reduction is shown to be highly pH-dependent, with acidic pH leading to better results. There exits a pH window for optimum rate, and the use of HOAc/NaOAc buffer solution is essential for maintaining a stable pH during the reaction. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed tandem cyclization/hydrosilylation for the step-economical construction of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines from readily available starting materials has been developed.