Benzylic C–H Esterification with Limiting C–H Substrate Enabled by Photochemical Redox Buffering of the Cu Catalyst
作者:Dung L. Golden、Chaofeng Zhang、Si-Jie Chen、Aristidis Vasilopoulos、Ilia A. Guzei、Shannon S. Stahl
DOI:10.1021/jacs.3c01662
日期:2023.5.3
Copper-catalyzed radical-relay reactions provide a versatile strategy for selective C–H functionalization; however, reactions with peroxide-based oxidants often require excess C–H substrate. Here, we report a photochemical strategy to overcome this limitation by using a Cu/2,2′-biquinoline catalyst that supports benzylic C–H esterification with limiting C–H substrate. Mechanistic studies indicate that
铜催化的自由基中继反应为选择性 C-H 官能化提供了一种通用策略;然而,与过氧化物基氧化剂的反应通常需要过量的 C-H 底物。在这里,我们报告了一种光化学策略,通过使用 Cu/2,2'-联喹啉催化剂来克服这一限制,该催化剂支持限制 C-H 底物的苄基 C-H 酯化反应。机理研究表明,蓝光照射促进羧酸盐到铜的电荷转移,将静止态 Cu II还原为 Cu I,从而激活过氧化物以生成烷氧基自由基氢原子转移物质。这种“光化学氧化还原缓冲”引入了一种独特的策略来维持自由基接力反应中铜催化剂的活性。
Inhibitory effects of benzyl benzoate and its derivatives on angiotensin II-induced hypertension
Hypertension is a lifestyle-related disease which often leads to serious conditions such as heart disease and cerebral hemorrhage. Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in regulating cardiovascular homeostasis. Consequently, antagonists that block the interaction of Ang II with its receptors are thought to be effective in the suppression of hypertension. In this study, we searched for plant compounds that had antagonist-like activity toward Ang II receptors. From among 435 plant samples, we found that EtOH extract from the resin of sweet gum Liquidambar styraciflua strongly inhibited Ang II signaling. We isolated benzyl benzoate and benzyl cinnamate from this extract and found that those compounds inhibited the function of Ang II in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. An in vivo study showed that benzyl benzoate significantly suppressed Ang II-induced hypertension in mice. In addition, we synthesized more than 40 derivatives of benzyl benzoate and found that the meta-methyl and 3-methylbenzyl 2'-nitrobenzoate derivatives showed about 10-fold higher activity than benzyl benzoate itself. Thus, benzyl benzoate, its derivatives, and benzyl cinnamate may be useful for reducing hypertension. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AMINO-BENZOISOTHIAZOLE AND AMINO-BENZOISOTHIADIAZOLE AMIDE COMPOUNDS
申请人:Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
公开号:US20210087184A1
公开(公告)日:2021-03-25
Provided herein are amino-benzoisothiazole and benzoisothiadiazole amide compounds. In particular, provided herein are compounds that affect the function of kinases in a cell and that are useful as therapeutic agents or with therapeutic agents. The compounds provided herein are useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions including eye diseases such as glaucoma, retinal diseases such as acute macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME), diseases and conditions characterized by inflammatory processes, cardiovascular diseases, and diseases characterized by abnormal growth, such as cancers. Also provided are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the compounds provided herein.
Continuous Flow Electrochemistry Enables Practical and Site‐Selective C−H Oxidation
Herein, we report a practical and cost-efficient electrochemical method for the highly selective monooxygenation of benzylic C(sp3)−H bonds using continuousflow reactors. The electrochemical method demonstrates excellent scope and scalability by producing 115 g of one of the alcohol products.