Mesomorphic [2]Rotaxanes: Sheltering Ionic Cores with Interlocking Components
摘要:
Two types of liquid crystalline [2]rotaxanes based on a conventional tetracatenar motif (a rod-shaped molecule with two side chains at each end) have been prepared. Dicationic compounds with ester stoppers and tetracationic materials with pyridinium stoppers are compared to each other and their dumbbell shaped analogs. Since the ionic core contributes about 70% to the overall length and molecular weight of the molecules, sheltering the ionic cores with an interlocked neutral macrocycle has considerable effect on the mesomorphism and thermal stability of the materials. The influence of the sheltering macrocycle, the numbers of charges on the core and the size and nature of the side chains (aliphatic vs siloxane) were probed. [2]Rotaxanes with linear side chains and minimum ratios of chain-to-core volumes of about 0.35 and 0.30 for tetra- and dicationic compounds, respectively, display smectic liquid crystal phases. Larger ratios increase the temperature range of the smectic A phases beyond the decomposition temperatures; a disadvantage for processing because no stable isotropic liquid phase is available. The change from tetra- to dicationic [2]rotaxanes increased not only the fluidity of their smectic A phases but also their thermal and chemical stability. Branched side chains (2-hexyldecyl) disfavor the formation of lamellar mesophases and, instead, induce higher ordered soft crystal phases. No liquid crystal phases but soft crystal phases are observed for the analogous di- and tetracationic compounds without an ion sheltering interlocked macrocycle (dumbbells).
Mesomorphic [2]Rotaxanes: Sheltering Ionic Cores with Interlocking Components
摘要:
Two types of liquid crystalline [2]rotaxanes based on a conventional tetracatenar motif (a rod-shaped molecule with two side chains at each end) have been prepared. Dicationic compounds with ester stoppers and tetracationic materials with pyridinium stoppers are compared to each other and their dumbbell shaped analogs. Since the ionic core contributes about 70% to the overall length and molecular weight of the molecules, sheltering the ionic cores with an interlocked neutral macrocycle has considerable effect on the mesomorphism and thermal stability of the materials. The influence of the sheltering macrocycle, the numbers of charges on the core and the size and nature of the side chains (aliphatic vs siloxane) were probed. [2]Rotaxanes with linear side chains and minimum ratios of chain-to-core volumes of about 0.35 and 0.30 for tetra- and dicationic compounds, respectively, display smectic liquid crystal phases. Larger ratios increase the temperature range of the smectic A phases beyond the decomposition temperatures; a disadvantage for processing because no stable isotropic liquid phase is available. The change from tetra- to dicationic [2]rotaxanes increased not only the fluidity of their smectic A phases but also their thermal and chemical stability. Branched side chains (2-hexyldecyl) disfavor the formation of lamellar mesophases and, instead, induce higher ordered soft crystal phases. No liquid crystal phases but soft crystal phases are observed for the analogous di- and tetracationic compounds without an ion sheltering interlocked macrocycle (dumbbells).
[EN] PROTEIN KINASE MODULATING AGENTS<br/>[FR] AGENTS DE MODULATION DE L'ACTIVITÉ PROTÉINE KINASE
申请人:TUOMINEN RAIMO
公开号:WO2009136001A1
公开(公告)日:2009-11-12
The present invention concerns a compound, which modulates protein kinase activity, having the following Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R3 may be the same or different and are each independently chosen from hydrogen, branched or linear alkyl, branched or linear hydroxyalkylene, nitro, amino, -C(=O)OR4, -C(=O)NR5R6, and -NHC(=O)R7, as well as compositions comprising the compound as an active agent and use of the compounds and the compositions in manufacturing medicaments for regulating protein kinase activity in a subject by administering to the subject a composition comprising a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester or prodrug thereof, in an amount effective to regulate the protein kinase activity.