鉴于对偶极的巨大依赖性,非质子溶剂如DMF,DMSO,DMAC,和NMP中的亲核芳族取代反应(S Ñ报道的Ar),一个简单的和环境友好的替代品。在水中使用“良性设计”非离子表面活性剂TPGS-750-M可使氮,氧和硫亲核试剂参与S N Ar反应。芳族和杂芳族底物容易参与这种胶束催化,该胶束催化在环境温度或环境温度附近发生。
These milligram-scale reactions are performed in batch-type reactors, often a ballmill. Commercially available ballmills do not have strict temperature control, limiting the information that can be obtained to inform the scale-up process reliably. This work uses an in-house modified, temperature-controlled, ballmill to bridge the knowledge gap regarding predictable, well-informed, economical, and