Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, and methods of preparation and use thereof are disclosed. The compounds are amide, ketone, and ester compounds prepared from certain azabicycloalkane carboxylic acids. The resulting compounds exhibit selectivity for, and bind with high affinity to, neuronal nicotinic receptors of the α4β2 subtype in the central nervous system (CNS). The compounds and compositions can be used to treat and/or prevent a wide variety of conditions or disorders, such as those disorders characterized by dysfunction of nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission, including disorders involving neuromodulation of neurotransmitter release, such as dopamine release. CNS disorders, which are characterized by an alteration in normal neurotransmitter release, are another example of disorders that can be treated and/or prevented. The compounds can: (i) alter the number of nicotinic cholinergic receptors of the brain of the patient, (ii) exhibit neuroprotective effects, and (iii) when employed in effective amounts, not result in appreciable adverse side effects (e.g. side effects such as significant increases in blood pressure and heart rate, significant negative effects upon the gastrointestinal tract, and significant effects upon skeletal muscle).
                            本文揭示了一种由某些
氮杂双环烷
羧酸制备的酰胺、酮和酯化合物,以及包括这些化合物的制药组合物和制备和使用它们的方法。所得化合物在中枢神经系统(CNS)具有对α4β2亚型的神经元
烟碱受体的选择性和高亲和力。这些化合物和组合物可用于治疗和/或预防各种疾病或障碍,例如那些以
烟碱性
乙酰胆碱神经递质功能障碍为特征的疾病,包括涉及神经递质释放的神经调节障碍,如
多巴胺释放。中枢神经系统障碍是另一种可治疗和/或预防的疾病的例子,其特征是正常神经递质释放的改变。这些化合物可以:(i)改变患者的大脑
烟碱性
乙酰胆碱受体的数量,(ii)表现出神经保护作用,以及(iii)当以有效量使用时,不会导致明显的不良副作用(例如明显增加血压和心率、对胃肠道的明显负面影响以及对骨骼肌的明显影响)。