The reaction of biphenyl radical anion and dianion with alkyl fluorides. From ET to SN2 reaction pathways and synthetic applications
作者:Henoc Pérez、Cristóbal Melero、Albert Guijarro、Miguel Yus
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2009.09.027
日期:2009.12
dilithium biphenyl (Li2C12H10) with alkyl fluorides has been studied from the point of view of the distribution of products. Two main reaction pathways, the nucleophilic substitution (SN2) and the electron transfer (ET), can compete to yield the same alkylation products in what is known as the SN2–ET dichotomy. SN2 seems to be the main mechanism operating with primary alkyl fluorides (n-RF). Alkylation proceeds
从产物分布的观点出发,已经研究了二锂联苯基(Li 2 C 12 H 10)与烷基氟化物的反应。两种主要的反应途径,亲核取代(S N 2)和电子转移(ET),可以竞争产生相同的烷基化产物,即所谓的S N 2–ET二分法。S N 2似乎是与伯烷基氟化物(n -RF)相互作用的主要机理。烷基化反应的收率很高,所得的烷基化二氢联苯阴离子(n -RC 12 H 10 Li)可以用第二种常规亲电试剂(E +),得到了合成上令人感兴趣的脱芳香化联苯衍生物(n -RC 12 H 10 E)。随着我们向仲(s -RF)和叔烷基氟化物(t -RF)的转移,反应产生了更多的ET产物,在这种情况下,该机理似乎主要由ET主导。在这种情况下,烷基化通过自由基偶合仍然可行,从而获得合成吨-RC 12 ħ 10 E,虽然在较低的产率。对这个S N的合理解释基于将5-己烯基氟化物和1,1-二甲基-5-己烯基氟化物用作与Li