Oxidative cyclization of .delta.,.epsilon.- and .epsilon.,.zeta.-unsaturated enol silyl ethers and unsaturated siloxycyclopropanes
摘要:
Oxidative cyclization of delta,epsilon- and epsilon,zeta-unsaturated enol silyl ethers 4a and 4b with cupric triflate and cuprous oxide or ceric ammonium nitrate and sodium bicarbonate in acetonitrile provides the tricyclic ketones 5a and 5b stereoselectively. These cyclizations proceed by oxidation of 4 to the cation radical 24 followed by cyclization of 24 to cation radical 27. This cation radical undergoes a second cyclization to give cation radical 30, which loses the silyl group, undergoes a second oxidation, and loses a proton to give 5. The stereochemistry of the cycloadduct is controlled by the stereochemistry of the enol ether. The Z-enol methyl ether (Z)-65 leads mainly to 5a while the E-enol methyl ether (E)-65 leads mainly to 6a. The oxidative cyclizations of 7, 13, 21, and 43 are also described. Oxidation of alpha-allyl silyl enol ethers 34a and 34b leads mainly to oxidation without cyclization to give the alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones 36a and 36b. Oxidative cyclizations of alkynyl silyl enol ethers 56 and 60 lead to 15 and 64, respectively. Oxidation of siloxycyclopropane 74 with Cu(BF4)2 generates cation radical 75, which cyclizes to 76, which is oxidized to give 21% of cyclopentane 77. This suggests that cation radicals are intermediates in the oxidative dimerization of siloxycyclopropanes.
Oxidative cyclization of .delta.,.epsilon.- and .epsilon.,.zeta.-unsaturated enol silyl ethers and unsaturated siloxycyclopropanes
摘要:
Oxidative cyclization of delta,epsilon- and epsilon,zeta-unsaturated enol silyl ethers 4a and 4b with cupric triflate and cuprous oxide or ceric ammonium nitrate and sodium bicarbonate in acetonitrile provides the tricyclic ketones 5a and 5b stereoselectively. These cyclizations proceed by oxidation of 4 to the cation radical 24 followed by cyclization of 24 to cation radical 27. This cation radical undergoes a second cyclization to give cation radical 30, which loses the silyl group, undergoes a second oxidation, and loses a proton to give 5. The stereochemistry of the cycloadduct is controlled by the stereochemistry of the enol ether. The Z-enol methyl ether (Z)-65 leads mainly to 5a while the E-enol methyl ether (E)-65 leads mainly to 6a. The oxidative cyclizations of 7, 13, 21, and 43 are also described. Oxidation of alpha-allyl silyl enol ethers 34a and 34b leads mainly to oxidation without cyclization to give the alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones 36a and 36b. Oxidative cyclizations of alkynyl silyl enol ethers 56 and 60 lead to 15 and 64, respectively. Oxidation of siloxycyclopropane 74 with Cu(BF4)2 generates cation radical 75, which cyclizes to 76, which is oxidized to give 21% of cyclopentane 77. This suggests that cation radicals are intermediates in the oxidative dimerization of siloxycyclopropanes.
Selectivity enhancement of epoxide hydrolase catalyzed resolution of 2,2-disubstituted oxiranes by substrate modification
作者:Ingrid Osprian、Wolfgang Stampfer、Kurt Faber
DOI:10.1039/b005203p
日期:——
A series of (±)-2,2-disubstituted oxiranes bearing an alkene or alkyne functional group were resolved by bacterial epoxide hydrolases with excellent selectivities. The presence of a carbon–carbon double or triple bond furnished a highly flexible system for substrate modification, which allowed the enantioselectivity to be tuned by rational substrate modification. Thus, a significant selectivity enhancement of more than a ten-fold increase of E-values was achieved by appropriate choice of the C–C multiple bond, i.e. by (i) choosing an alkene or alkyne moiety or by (ii) variation of the E/Z-configuration of olefinic substrates. The enantioenriched epoxides and vicinal diols thus obtained may be easily transformed into ω-functionalized building blocks containing a chiral fully substituted carbon atom by oxidative cleavage of the carbon–carbon multiple bond.
Synthesis of Eight‐Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles via a Heterogeneous PtI
<sub>2</sub>
‐Catalyzed Cascade Cycloaddition Reaction of δ‐Aminoalkynes with Electron‐Deficient Alkynes
作者:Xinhong Li、Songmeng Wang、Hongkai Wang、Weilin Wang、Lingyan Liu、Weixing Chang、Jing Li
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201901644
日期:2020.4.8
cascade reaction of δ‐aminoalkynes was developed for the synthesis of various eight‐membered nitrogen heterocycles in excellent yields. The reaction proceeds via a hydration of δ‐aminoalkynes and subsequent intramolecular cyclization and intermolecular addition as well as ring‐expansion cascade reaction with another electron‐deficient alkynes. This method has the advantages of simple operation and mild