A practical, electrochemical method is developed for the direct dehydrogenative lactonization of C(sp2/sp3)–H bonds under external oxidant- and metal-free conditions, delivering diverse lactones, including coumarin derivatives with excellent regioselectivity. The scalable nature of this newly developed electrochemical process was demonstrated on a 40 g scale following an operationally simple protocol
Cu-Catalyzed Mild C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–H Functionalization Assisted by Carboxylic Acids en Route to Hydroxylated Arenes
作者:Joan Gallardo-Donaire、Ruben Martin
DOI:10.1021/ja4047894
日期:2013.6.26
A formal Cu-catalyzed C(sp(2))-H hydroxylation assisted by benzoic acids is described. The procedure is characterized by its mild reaction conditions and wide substrate scope utilizing simple and cheap Cu catalysts, thus becoming a user-friendly and operationally simple protocol for C(sp(2))-H hydroxylation.
Photocatalytic Dehydrogenative Lactonization of 2-Arylbenzoic Acids
作者:Nieves P. Ramirez、Irene Bosque、Jose C. Gonzalez-Gomez
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02269
日期:2015.9.18
A metal-free dehydrogenative lactonization of 2-arylbenzoic acids at room temperature was developed. This work illustrates the first application of visible-light photoredox catalysis in the preparation of benzo-3,4-coumarins, an important structural motif in bioactive molecules. The combination of photocatalyst [Acr(+)-Mes] with (NH4)(2)S2O8 as a terminal oxidant provides an economical and environmentally benign entry to different substituted benzocoumarins. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction most likely occurs through a homolytic aromatic substitution pathway.