Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp2)–H Pyridocarbonylation of N-Aryl-2-aminopyridines: Dual Function of the Pyridyl Moiety
摘要:
An efficient synthesis of 11H-pyrido[2,1-b]-quinazolin-11-one through palladium-catalyzed C(sp(2))-H pyridocarbonylation of N-aryl-2-aminopyridines has been developed. The pyridyl group acts as an intramolecular nucleophile for the first time in C-H carbonylation reactions.
simple and efficientsynthesis of 11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-ones by Cu(OAc)2·H2O-catalyzed reaction of easily available substituted isatins and 2-bromopyridine derivatives has been developed. The reaction involves C–N/C–C bond cleavage and two C–N bond formations in a one-pot operation. This methodology is complementary to previously reported synthetic procedures, and two plausible reaction mechanisms
Base-Controlled Selectivity in the Synthesis of Linear and Angular Fused Quinazolinones by a Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation/Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Sequence
A new approach for the facile synthesis of fused quinazolinone scaffolds through a palladium‐catalyzed carbonylative coupling followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution is described. The base serves as the key modulator: Whereas DBU gives rise to the linear isomers, Et3N promotes the preferential formation of angular products. Interestingly, a light‐induced 4+4 reaction of the
Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of <i>N</i>
-Heterocycles from 1-Chloro-2-fluorobenzenes
作者:Yang Yuan、Xiao-Feng Wu
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201900232
日期:2019.3.21
A simple and efficient methodology for the synthesis of pyrido‐fused quinazolinones and dibenzoxazepinones has been developed. By palladium‐catalyzedcarbonylation/nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction sequence, and with 1‐chloro‐2‐fluorobenzenes and 2‐aminopyridines or 2‐aminophenols as the starting materials, good yields of the desired products were be obtained.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection causes 1.8 million deaths worldwide, of which half a million has been diagnosed with resistant tuberculosis (TB). Emergence of multi drug resistant and extensive drug resistant strains has made all the existing anti-TB therapy futile. The major involvement of efflux pump in drug resistance has made it a direct approach for therapeutic exploration against resistant M. tuberculosis. This study demarcates the role of 11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one (quinazolinone) analogues as efflux pump inhibitor in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Sixteen quinazolinone analogues were synthesized by treating 2-aminopyridine and 2fluorobenzonitrile with (KOBu)-O-t. Analogues were tested, and 3a, 3b, 3c, 3g, 3j, 31, 3m, and 3p were found to modulate EtBr MIC by > 4 whereas 3a, 3g, 3i and 3o showed > 4 modulation on norfloxacin MIC. 31 and 3o in addition to their very low toxicity they showed high EtBr and norfloxacin accumulation respectively. Time kill curve showed effective log reduction in colony forming unit in presence of these analogues, thus confirming their role as efflux pump inhibitor. Through docking and alignment studies, we have also shown that the LfrA amino acid residues that the analogues are interacting with are present in Rv2333c and Rv2846c of M. tuberculosis. This study have shown for the first time the possibility of developing the 11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one analogues as efflux pump inhibitors for M. smegmatis and hence unbolts the scope to advance this study against resistant M. tuberculosis as well.