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(2'S,3S,5'S,6'S,8'R,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one | 509-15-9

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
(2'S,3S,5'S,6'S,8'R,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one
英文别名
——
(2'S,3S,5'S,6'S,8'R,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one化学式
CAS
509-15-9
化学式
C20H22N2O2
mdl
——
分子量
322.4
InChiKey
NFYYATWFXNPTRM-ICFOCEFXSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    181-183°C
  • 比旋光度:
    D20 +13° (c = 1.2 in chloroform)
  • 沸点:
    461.02°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.1478 (rough estimate)
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于氯仿(少许)、甲醇(少许)
  • LogP:
    3.080 (est)
  • 颜色/状态:
    CRYSTALS FROM ACETONE
  • 旋光度:
    SPECIFIC OPTICAL ROTATION (C= 1.2 IN CHLOROFORM): +13 DEG @ 20 °C/D; PKA 7.75 IN 80% METHYLCELLOSOLVE; MAX ABSORPTION (METHANOL): 210, 252, 280 NM (LOG E= 4.50, 3.87, 3.15)

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    1.8
  • 重原子数:
    24
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    6.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.55
  • 拓扑面积:
    41.6
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    3

ADMET

毒理性
  • 毒性总结
Gelsemine 具有与士的宁类似的机制和作用,可以引起痉挛。士的宁是一种神经毒素,作为甘氨酸和乙酰胆碱受体的拮抗剂。它主要影响脊髓中控制肌肉收缩的 motor nerves。神经冲动的触发是在神经的一端,通过神经递质与受体的结合。在存在神经抑制剂(如甘氨酸)的情况下,必须结合更多的兴奋性神经递质到受体上,才能产生动作电位。甘氨酸主要作为脊髓和大脑中甘氨酸受体的激动剂,这是一种配体门控的氯离子通道。这个氯通道允许负电荷的氯离子进入神经元,导致超极化,使膜电位远离阈值。士的宁是甘氨酸的拮抗剂,这意味着它与同一受体结合,阻止甘氨酸对突触后神经元的抑制作用。因此,动作电位可以在较低的兴奋性神经递质水平下被触发。当抑制信号被阻止时,motor neurons 会更容易被激活,受害者将出现痉挛性肌肉收缩。士的宁与乙酰胆碱结合蛋白(AChBP)复合物的结构。士的宁也是乙酰胆碱受体的拮抗剂,已知与甘氨酸受体同源。(维基百科)
Gelsemine has convulsant effects with a similar mechanism of action to strychnine. Strychnine is a neurotoxin which acts as an antagonist of glycine and acetylcholine receptors. It primarily affects the motor nerves in the spinal cord which control muscle contraction. An impulse is triggered at one end of a nerve by the binding of neurotransmitters to the receptors. In the presence of a neuroinhibitor, such as glycine, a greater quantity of excitatory neurotransmitters must bind to receptors before there will be an action potential generated. Glycine acts primarily as an agonist of the glycine receptor, which is a ligand-gated chloride channel in neurons located in the spinal cord and in the brain. This chloride channel will allow the negatively charged chloride ions into the neuron, causing a hyperpolarization which pushes the membrane potential further from threshold. Strychnine is an antagonist of glycine, which means it binds to the same receptor, preventing the inhibitory effects of glycine on the postsynaptic neuron. Therefore, action potentials are triggered with lower levels of excitatory neurotransmitters. When the inhibitory signals are prevented, the motor neurons do will be more easliy activated and the victim will have spastic muscle contractions. Structure of strychnine in complex with ACh binding protein (AChBP). Strychnine is also an antagonist for acetylcholine receptors, which is known to be homologous to the glycine receptor. (Wikipedia)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
对人类无致癌性(未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 非人类毒性摘录
北美产的常绿钩吻(黄色茉莉)含有钩吻碱和其他生物碱,已导致家畜,尤其是牛的中毒。动物表现出虚弱、失调和抽搐。火鸡因此遭受严重损失。这些鸟变得嗜睡和迟钝,走路时蹒跚,并且失去对颈部肌肉的控制。/GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS/
GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS (YELLOW JESSAMINE), OCCURRING IN NORTH AMERICA, CONTAINS GELSEMINE & OTHER ALKALOIDS, & HAS BEEN RESPONSIBLE FOR POISONING OF STOCK, PARTICULARLY CATTLE. THE ANIMALS SHOW WEAKNESS, INCOORDINATION & CONVULSIONS. ... SERIOUS LOSSES HAVE OCCURRED AMONG TURKEYS. THE BIRDS BECOME SLEEPY & LETHARGIC, STAGGER WHEN THEY ATTEMPT TO WALK, & LOSE CONTROL OF NECK MUSCLES. /GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1(a)
  • 危险品标志:
    T+
  • 安全说明:
    S28,S36/37/39,S45
  • 危险类别码:
    R23/24/25,R26/27/28
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 1544 6.1/PG 2
  • RTECS号:
    LX9100000
  • 包装等级:
    I
  • 危险类别:
    6.1(a)

SDS

SDS:da59d311e589c2c8591b53f22846ee8f
查看

制备方法与用途

生物活性

Gelsemine 是一种源自中草药 Gelsemium elegans 的生物碱,能有效缓解慢性疼痛并具有抗伤害和催眠作用。

体内研究

在部分坐骨神经结扎(PSNL)小鼠模型中,Gelsemine(4 mg/kg)可显著减轻由 PSNL 引起的机械性痛觉过敏和热痛觉超敏现象。此外,给药后 4 小时,Gelsemine(2 和 4 mg/kg)能提高机械痛阈值,并延长 3 小时内的热痛阈值。在 6:30 AM 给予 Gelsemine(4 mg/kg),可增加非快速眼动睡眠(NREM 睡眠)、减少清醒时间,但不干扰快速眼动睡眠(REM 睡眠)的第一个 3 小时内。

此外,免疫组化研究表明,PSNL 增加了前扣带回皮层神经元中 c-Fos 的表达,而 Gelsemine(4 mg/kg)能将其降低 58%。

化学性质

Gelsemine 是一种白色结晶,易溶于甲醇、乙醇和 DMSO 等有机溶剂。它来源于断肠草及葫蔓藤科植物钩吻。

用途

钩吻碱具有抗癌镇痛作用,并可用于含量测定、鉴定以及药理实验等。

药理药效

Gelsemine 具有兴奋中枢神经的作用,但毒性极大。

类别

有毒物质

毒性分级

高毒

急性毒性

腹腔注射 - 小鼠 LD50: 49 毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性

可燃;火场分解产生有毒氮氧化物烟雾

储运特性

库房低温、通风、干燥,应与食品原料分开存放

灭火剂

水、二氧化碳、干粉、砂土

同类化合物

钩吻绿碱 钩吻碱 钩吻定 胡曼素 4-去甲基-胡蔓藤碱乙 3-氯-4-甲基-6-苯基哒嗪 11-羟基兰金断肠草碱 (2R,19'E)-18'-去甲氧基-2-去氧代-17,17'-二脱氧-2,16':2,17-二氧基-1,17'-联(蓬莱葛属碱氧化吲哚) (2'S,3S,5'S,6'R,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1'R,3S,5'S,6'S,8'R)-2'-Ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one gelsedine (2'S,3S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one N-Desmethoxyrankinidine 11-Hydroxyhumantenine Gelsemine, 1-methoxy- N-Methylhumantenirine (2'S,3S,6'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1S,2S,4S,7Z,8S,9S)-7-ethylidene-1',6'-dimethoxyspiro[11-oxa-5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,9]dodecane-2,3'-indole]-2'-one 14-deacetoxy-gelseoxazolidinine gelselegine ditert-butyl (1S,2R,4R,7S,8R)-2',6-dioxospiro[10-oxa-5-azatricyclo[5.3.1.04,8]undecane-2,3'-indole]-1',5-dicarboxylate 2,2,2-trichloroethyl (1'S,3S,4'R,6'S,7'S,8'R)-6'-ethylspiro[1,2-dihydroindole-3,2'-10-oxa-5-azatricyclo[5.3.1.04,8]undecane]-5'-carboxylate (1S,2R,4R,7S,8R)-5-benzylspiro[10-oxa-5-azatricyclo[5.3.1.04,8]undecane-2,3'-1H-indole]-2',6-dione (2'S,3S,5'S,6'S,8'R,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (3S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one 2,2,2-trichloroethyl (1R,2S,4S,8R,9S)-7-ethyl-6'-methoxy-2'-oxospiro[11-oxa-5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,9]dodec-6-ene-2,3'-1H-indole]-5-carboxylate (1R,2S,4S,7Z,8R,9S)-7-ethylidene-1',6'-dimethoxy-2'-oxospiro[11-oxa-5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,9]dodecane-2,3'-indole]-5-carbaldehyde (2S,4S,6R,7R,8S)-6-ethyl-1'-methoxyspiro[10-oxa-5-azatricyclo[5.3.1.04,8]undecane-2,3'-indole]-2'-one (1S,2S,7Z,8R)-7-ethylidene-6'-hydroxy-1'-methoxyspiro[11-oxa-5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,9]dodecane-2,3'-indole]-2'-one (1R,7S,8R)-2-ethenyl-1'-methoxy-4-methylspiro[9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane-7,3'-indole]-2'-one (1S,2S,7Z,8R)-7-ethylidene-1',6'-dimethoxyspiro[11-oxa-5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,9]dodecane-2,3'-indole]-2'-one (1'R,3S,8'R)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one 11-Hydroxyhumantenine (1'R,2'S,3S,5'S,6'S,8'S,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1S,2S,5S,6S,7S,8R,11R)-2-ethenyl-1'-methoxy-4-methylspiro[9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane-7,3'-indole]-2',3-dione gelseziridine (1S,2S,7Z,8R)-7-ethylidene-1'-methoxy-5-methylspiro[11-oxa-5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,9]dodecane-2,3'-indole]-2'-one (1R,2S,4S,7E,8S,9R)-7-ethylidene-1'-methoxy-5-methylspiro[11-oxa-5-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,9]dodecane-2,3'-indole]-2'-one Gelsemine hydrochloride 2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one;hydrochloride Gelsemine, monohydrochloride rankinidine (1'R,2'R,3R,5'R,6'R,8'R,11'R)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1'R,2'S,3R,5'R,6'R,8'R,11'R)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1'S,2'S,3S,5'S,6'S,8'S,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1'S,2'S,3S,5'R,6'S,8'S,11'R)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1'S,2'S,3S,5'R,6'S,8'S,11'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one (1'S,2'S,3S,5'S,6'S,8'S,11'R)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one 2,2,2-trichloroethyl (1'R,3R,4'S,6'R,7'R,8'S)-6'-ethyl-6-methoxyspiro[1,2-dihydroindole-3,2'-10-oxa-5-azatricyclo[5.3.1.04,8]undecane]-5'-carboxylate (1'S,3S,8'S)-2'-ethenyl-4'-methylspiro[1H-indole-3,7'-9-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[6.3.1.02,6.05,11]dodecane]-2-one