Palladium-catalyzed reaction of vinyl triflates and vinyl/aryl halides with 4-alkynoic acids: regio- and stereoselective synthesis of (E)-.delta.-vinyl/aryl-.gamma.-methylene-.gamma.-butyrolactones
作者:Antonio Arcadi、Alfredo Burini、Sandro Cacchi、Monica Delmastro、Fabio Marinelli、Bianca Rosa Pietroni
DOI:10.1021/jo00029a035
日期:1992.1
The palladium-catalyzed reaction of vinyl triflates and vinyl/aryl halides with 4-pentynoic acid, 2,2-disubstituted 4-pentynoic acids, and 5-substituted 4-pentynoic acids produced regio- and stereoselectively the corresponding (E)-delta-vinyl/aryl-gamma-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones in good to high yield. Reactions were carried out in the presence of catalytic amounts of Pd(OAc)2(PPh3)2 or Pd(PPh3)4, Et3N, and n-Bu4NCl. The presence of chloride anions was found to be necessary to obtain the best results. The proposed mechanism involves an intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the carboxylate anion on the palladium-coordinated carbon-carbon triple bond and subsequent reductive elimination of Pd(0) species from the resulting sigma-vinylpalladium complex which regenerates the catalyst and releases the exocyclic enol lactone.
Room Temperature Au(I)-Catalyzed <i>exo</i>-Selective Cycloisomerization of Acetylenic Acids: An Entry to Functionalized γ-Lactones
A highly efficient gold-catalyzed cyclization reaction of various functionalized acetylenic acids is described. The cyclizations are conducted in the presence of Au(I) catalyst in acetonitrile at room temperature in a short reaction time. The reaction conditions are compatible with several functional groups, such as ester, alkene, alkyne, chloro, and free or protected alcohol, and lead to original gamma-lactones in good to excellent yields.