Reinvestigation of the sulfuric acid-catalysed cyclisation of brominated 2-alkyllevulinic acids to 3-alkyl-5-methylene-2(5H)-furanones
作者:Anthony J. Manny、Staffan Kjelleberg、Naresh Kumar、Rocky de Nys、Roger W. Read、Peter Steinberg
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10034-5
日期:1997.11
through bromination and acid promoted lactonisation is described. The underlying reactions have been investigated using levulinic acid as a model, and the effects of varying the bromination conditions and changing acid concentration on product distribution are discussed. Dibromination proceeds best in CHCl3 and proceeds in EtOH-free CHCl3 without the complication of ester formation. Cyclisation occurs
描述了由烷基取代的乙酰丙酸衍生物通过溴化和酸促进的内酯化合成乙基,丁基,己基和十二烷基取代的溴化物。使用乙酰丙酸作为模型,研究了潜在的反应,并讨论了改变溴化条件和改变酸浓度对产物分布的影响。二溴化在CHCl 3中进行得最好,在无EtOH的CHCl 3中进行,而不会形成酯。在98–100%H 2 SO 4中伴随氧化发生环化反应,但在100%H 2 SO 4中产生环戊内酯的产率最高。还描述了相关的贝克雷利物质的形成。
Easy Access to 5-Alkyl-4-bromo-2(5H)-furanones: Synthesis of a Fimbrolide, an Acetoxyfimbrolide, and Bromobeckerelide
作者:Pedro de March、Josep Font、Antonio Gracia、Zheng Qingying
DOI:10.1021/jo00111a045
日期:1995.3
Treatment of gamma-monosubstituted allenic esters with N-bromosuccinimide in water yields 5-alkyl-4-bromo-2(5H)-furanones, that can be transformed into 5-alkylidene-4-bromo-2(5H)-furanones in good overall yields. Starting with a simple allenic ester these transformations have been applied to a new synthesis of fimbrolide (1a), acetoxyfimbrolide (1c), and bromobeckerelide (2a).
PATIENT INTERFACE
申请人:KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N.V.
公开号:US20160317771A1
公开(公告)日:2016-11-03
Patient interface (
50
) optically indicating a user that a member (
22
) of the patient interface (
50
) needs to be replaced due to wear. In particular, it relates to a member (
22
) for patient interface (
50
) which comprises at least one functional material (
32, 34
) having a predefined functionality and at least one indicator (
28, 30
) wherein the concentration of said at least one indicator (
28, 30
) in said member (
22
) correlates with the predefined functionality of said at least one functional material (
32, 34
).
[EN] PATIENT INTERFACE<br/>[FR] INTERFACE PATIENT
申请人:KONINKL PHILIPS NV
公开号:WO2015091304A1
公开(公告)日:2015-06-25
Patient interface (50) optically indicating a user that a member (22) of the patient interface (50) needs to be replaced due to wear. In particular, it relates to a member (22) for patient interface (50) which comprises at least one functional material (32, 34) having a predefined functionality and at least one indicator(28, 30) wherein the concentration of said at least one indicator (28, 30) in said member (22) correlates with the predefined functionality of said at least one functional material (32, 34).