Nonmetallic, chiral organic catalysts are used to catalyze an enantioselective aldol coupling reaction between aldehyde substrates. The reaction may be carried out with a single enolizable aldehyde, resulting in dimerization to give a β-hydroxy aldehyde, or trimerization to give a dihydroxy tetrahydropyran. The reaction may also conducted with an enolizable aldehyde and a second aldehyde, which may or may not be enolizable, so that the coupling is a cross-aldol reaction in which the a-carbon of the enolizable aldehyde adds to the carbonyl carbon of the second aldehyde in an enantioselective fashion. Reaction systems composed of at least one enolizable aldehyde, an optional additional aldehyde, and the nonmetallic chiral organic catalyst are also provided, as are methods of implementing the enantioselective aldol reaction in the synthesis of sugars.
非
金属手性有机
催化剂被用来催化醛底物之间的对映选择性醇醛偶联反应。该反应可以使用一个可
酮化的醛进行,从而使其二聚化形成β-羟基醛,或三聚化形成二羟基
四氢吡喃。该反应也可以使用一个可
酮化的醛和第二个醛进行,第二个醛可能是可
酮化的,也可能不是,使得偶联是一种交叉醇醛反应,其中可
酮化的醛的α-
碳以对映选择性的方式加到第二个醛的羰基
碳上。此外,还提供了由至少一个可
酮化的醛、一个可选的额外醛和非
金属手性有机
催化剂组成的反应体系,以及在糖的合成中实施对映选择性醇醛反应的方法。