Synthesis of Isothiazoles and Isoselenazoles through Rhodium-Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation with Elemental Sulfur and Selenium
摘要:
A rhodium-catalyzed oxidative annulation of benzimidates with elemental sulfur for the direct construction of isothiazole rings is reported. The proposed reaction mechanism involving Rh(I)/Rh(III) redox is supported by a stoichiometric reaction of metallacycle species as well as DFT calculations. This method is also applicable to selenium cyclization to produce isoselenazole derivatives. The alkoxy substituent at C3 can be used for further functionalization of the azole core.
The first example of oxidant-free cobalt-catalyzed synthesis of five-membered spirocycles is reported from benzimidates and maleimides utilizing nitrobenzene as promoter. In contrast to previously known cobalt-catalyzed oxidative C–H functionalization reactions, this transformation occurs efficiently in the absence of oxidant and is accompanied by liberation of hydrogen. The spiro-lactams were readily
Redox‐Neutral Manganese(I)‐Catalyzed C−H Activation: Traceless Directing Group Enabled Regioselective Annulation
作者:Qingquan Lu、Steffen Greßies、Sara Cembellín、Felix J. R. Klauck、Constantin G. Daniliuc、Frank Glorius
DOI:10.1002/anie.201707396
日期:2017.10.2
groups (TDGs) are used to promote the redox‐neutral MnI‐catalyzed regioselectivesynthesis of N‐heterocycles. Alkyne coupling partners bearing a traceless directing group, which serves as both the chelator and internal oxidant, were used to control the regioselectivity of the annulation reactions. This operationally simple approach is highly effective with previously challenging unsymmetrical alkyne
Overcoming the Limitations of C−H Activation with Strongly Coordinating N-Heterocycles by Cobalt Catalysis
作者:Hui Wang、Mélanie M. Lorion、Lutz Ackermann
DOI:10.1002/anie.201603260
日期:2016.8.22
Stronglycoordinating nitrogen heterocycles, including pyrimidines, oxazolines, pyrazoles, and pyridines, were fully tolerated in cobalt‐catalyzed C−H amidations by imidate assistance. Structurally complex quinazolines are thus accessible in a step‐economic manner. Our findings also establish the relative powers of directing groups in cobalt(III)‐catalyzed C−H functionalization for the first time.
A simple and practical method for the one‐potsynthesis of 3‐aryl‐5‐amino‐1,2,4‐thiadiazoles from imidates and thioureas has been developed. The protocol proceeds through sequential base‐mediated nucleophilic addition‐elimination reactions and an I2‐mediated oxidative coupling for the N–S bond formation.
A Comparative Investigation: Group 9 Cp*M(III)-Catalyzed Formal [4 + 2] Cycloaddition as an Atom-Economic Approach to Quinazolines
作者:Xiaoming Wang、Andreas Lerchen、Frank Glorius
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00716
日期:2016.5.6
A comparative study on the catalytic activity of different group 9 [Cp*M(III)] complexes in the formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of arenes with rarely explored free imines and dioxazolones for the construction of multisubstituted quinazolines is reported herein. This investigation revealed that the cobalt catalyst is uniquely suited to this transformation due to its strong Lewis acidity and high sensitivity