Photoreduction of 4,4'-bipyridine by triethylamine and by 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane in acetonitrile as studied by nanosecond absorption and Raman spectroscopies
摘要:
The transients that are produced in the photoreduction of 4,4'-bipyridine by triethylamine and by 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane in acetonitrile have been examined by use of nanosecond laser photolysis and time-resolved absorption and Raman spectroscopies. The reaction arises from initial quenching of the 4,4'-bipyridine triplet state by electron transfer (k(Q)(DABCO) = 8.8 x 10(9) M-1 s-1; k(Q)(TEA) = 4.0 x 10(9) M-1 s-1). A mechanism involving the rapid formation of a triplet ion pair followed by ionic dissociation in competition with intrapair proton transfer is proposed. This mechanism is similar to that governing the reduction of triplet ketones by amines in polar solvents.
Theory and experimental illustration of preparative electrochemistry using redox catalysis of electron transfer initiated radical chain reactions. Application to the cross-coupling between aryl halides and phenoxide ions
作者:N. Alam、Christian Amatore、C. Combellas、A. Thiebault、J. N. Verpeaux
DOI:10.1021/jo00313a022
日期:1990.12
A general equation predicting the yield of electron transfer initiated radical chain reaction (S(RN)1 and related mechanisms) under preparative electrochemical conditions is given for situations where the electron-transfer activation of the chain is performed by means of a redox mediator. Simple tests, allowing for the choice of proper redox mediator, are given, and their origins established and discussed. The validity and application of this simple model is shown and discussed for the case of the S(RN)1-like reaction involving di-tert-butylphenoxide as a nucleophile, to afford biaryls of interest for their properties in nonlinear optics.