The esterification and etherification of unhindered, as well as severely hindered, carboxylic acids and phenols with basic amide acetals, such as N, N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, and their side reactions are discussed. Modified procedures are described in which these side reactions are avoided to achieve high or near quantitative yields of the desired corresponding methyl esters or phenol methyl
讨论了无受阻和严重受阻的
羧酸和
酚与碱性酰胺
缩醛(如 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基
缩醛)的酯化和醚化,以及它们的副反应。描述了改进的程序,其中避免了这些副反应以获得所需的相应甲基酯或
苯酚甲基醚的高或接近定量的产率。在加入 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基
缩醛后,4-硝基
苯甲酸在碱性溶剂(如
四氢呋喃或 1,4-
二恶烷)中的溶液会形成相应的
羧酸亚胺盐沉淀,从而得到接近定量的所需产物4-硝基
苯甲酸甲酯,以及 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺和
甲醇。