Inhibition of Peptidylglycine .alpha.-Amidating Monooxygenase by N-Substituted Homocysteine Analogs
摘要:
C-terminal amidation is a posttranslational modification found in many neuropeptides. Peptidylglycine cl-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) catalyzes the synthesis of the biologically essential C-terminal amide from a glycine-extended precursor peptide. Reported herein are the first potent inhibitors of PAM. Dipeptides containing a C-terminal homocysteine and an N-acylated hydrophobic amino acid were found to inhibit PAM with IC(50)s in the low nanomolar range. Inhibition potency was dependent on both the carboxylate and the thiolate functionalities of the homocysteine and on the hydrophobic groups of the second amino acid. The thiolate was postulated to produce high binding affinities through coordination with the active-site copper. The compound series also exhibited potent inhibition of PAM in rat dorsal root ganglion cells as demonstrated by a dose-dependent increase in the substance P-Gly/substance P ratio. These results indicate that the compounds have sufficient potency and intracellular bioavailability to aid future studies focused on neuropeptide function and the contributions of neuropeptides to various disease processes.
Inhibition of Peptidylglycine .alpha.-Amidating Monooxygenase by N-Substituted Homocysteine Analogs
摘要:
C-terminal amidation is a posttranslational modification found in many neuropeptides. Peptidylglycine cl-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) catalyzes the synthesis of the biologically essential C-terminal amide from a glycine-extended precursor peptide. Reported herein are the first potent inhibitors of PAM. Dipeptides containing a C-terminal homocysteine and an N-acylated hydrophobic amino acid were found to inhibit PAM with IC(50)s in the low nanomolar range. Inhibition potency was dependent on both the carboxylate and the thiolate functionalities of the homocysteine and on the hydrophobic groups of the second amino acid. The thiolate was postulated to produce high binding affinities through coordination with the active-site copper. The compound series also exhibited potent inhibition of PAM in rat dorsal root ganglion cells as demonstrated by a dose-dependent increase in the substance P-Gly/substance P ratio. These results indicate that the compounds have sufficient potency and intracellular bioavailability to aid future studies focused on neuropeptide function and the contributions of neuropeptides to various disease processes.
Dipeptides and amides were obtained in high yields from N-carbobenzyloxy a-amino acids and 3-phenylpropanoic acid with unprotected a-amino acids via the corresponding mixed carbonic carboxylic anhydrides using ethyl chloroformate and triethylamine by an ecological and convenient method in which the protection of C-terminals is not needed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ANTI-WRINKLE AGENTS
申请人:Pola Chemical Industries Inc.
公开号:EP2356979B1
公开(公告)日:2017-10-25
US4340728A
申请人:——
公开号:US4340728A
公开(公告)日:1982-07-20
US8835498B2
申请人:——
公开号:US8835498B2
公开(公告)日:2014-09-16
Inhibition of Peptidylglycine .alpha.-Amidating Monooxygenase by N-Substituted Homocysteine Analogs
作者:Mark D. Erion、Jenny Tan、Mary Wong、Arco Y. Jeng
DOI:10.1021/jm00052a002
日期:1994.12
C-terminal amidation is a posttranslational modification found in many neuropeptides. Peptidylglycine cl-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) catalyzes the synthesis of the biologically essential C-terminal amide from a glycine-extended precursor peptide. Reported herein are the first potent inhibitors of PAM. Dipeptides containing a C-terminal homocysteine and an N-acylated hydrophobic amino acid were found to inhibit PAM with IC(50)s in the low nanomolar range. Inhibition potency was dependent on both the carboxylate and the thiolate functionalities of the homocysteine and on the hydrophobic groups of the second amino acid. The thiolate was postulated to produce high binding affinities through coordination with the active-site copper. The compound series also exhibited potent inhibition of PAM in rat dorsal root ganglion cells as demonstrated by a dose-dependent increase in the substance P-Gly/substance P ratio. These results indicate that the compounds have sufficient potency and intracellular bioavailability to aid future studies focused on neuropeptide function and the contributions of neuropeptides to various disease processes.