Stereochemistry and regiochemistry of heteroatom directed reactions. 5. The first practical method of selective heteroatom-directed chlorohydroxylation
摘要:
A new Pd(II)-catalyzed nucleophilic chlorohydroxylation reaction of allylic amines and sulfides was achieved, and the regioselective reaction gives high yields of the chlorohydrin products, which can be transformed into epoxy compounds or aziridine compounds by simple manipulations.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING SULFUR-CONTAINING EPOXY COMPOUND
申请人:MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.
公开号:US20140371475A1
公开(公告)日:2014-12-18
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a sulfur-containing epoxy compound producing no scum-like insoluble matter. According to the present invention, a sulfur-containing halohydrin compound is dripped into and reacted with a mixed solvent containing an organic solvent and a basic compound to provide the method for producing the sulfur-containing epoxy compound. According to aspects of the present invention, the organic solvent is at least one type of compound selected from toluene and benzene, the basic compound is at least one type of compound selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, and the reaction temperature is between −5° C. and 30° C.
Zur Reaktion von monosubstituierten Epoxypropanen mit Benzylamin. 1. Mitteilung über Ringöffnungsreaktionen kleiner Ringe
作者:Ueli Sulser、Jürg Widmer、Heinz Goeth
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19770600523
日期:1977.7.13
Reaction of monosubstituted epoxypropanes with benzylamine
单取代环氧丙烷与苄胺的反应
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Glycidythioethern
申请人:CIBA-GEIGY AG
公开号:EP0166695A2
公开(公告)日:1986-01-02
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Glycidylthioethern der Formel
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Epichlorhydrin mit einem Mercaptan der Formel II worin R einen Rest
sein kann, worin R1, R2 und R3 unabhängig voneinander C,-C18 Alkyl sind und zusammen nicht mehr als 22 C-Atome besitzen und R2 und R3 ausserdem Wasserstoff sind oder worin R C5-C6 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituiertes oder durch C1-C4 Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl oder Naphthyl, Benzyl, Furfuryl ist, oder worin R C2-C8 Alkylen bedeutet, das durch -SH substituiert ist und gegebenenfalls durch 1 oder 2 Ether-O-Atome unterbrochen sein kann, in aequimolarer Menge ohne organisches Lösungsmittel in Gegenwart einer Base nach dem Phasentransferkatalyseverfahren, wobei ein Phasentransferkatalysator eingesetzt wird, bei einer Temperatur von -30°C bis +20°C umgesetzt wird. Die so hergestellten Glycidylthioether sind Verbindungen, die in der Synthese von organischen Schwefelverbindungen eine wichtige Rolle spielen, die beispielsweise als Schmiermitteladditive Verwendung finden.
一种制备式 1 的缩水甘油硫醚的工艺
其特征在于环氧氯丙烷与式 II 的硫醇反应,其中 R 可以是自由基
其中 R1、R2 和 R3 相互独立地为 C,-C18烷基,且合在一起不超过 22 个碳原子,R2 和 R3 也是氢,或其中 R 为 C5-C6 环烷基、未取代的或 C1-C4 烷基取代的苯基或萘基、苄基、糠基,或其中 R 为 C2-C8 亚烷基、的缩水甘油硫醚,在不使用有机溶剂的情况下,按照相转移催化工艺(其中使用了相转移催化剂),在-30°C 至 +20°C的温度下,在碱存在下以等摩尔量进行反应。以这种方法生产的缩水甘油硫醚是一种在合成有机硫化合物(例如用作润滑油添加剂)过程中起重要作用的化合物。
Regiochemical and stereochemical studies on halocyclization reactions of unsaturated sulfides
作者:Xiao-Feng Ren、Edward Turos、Charles H. Lake、Melvyn Rowen Churchill
DOI:10.1021/jo00125a038
日期:1995.10
The regiochemistry and stereochemistry for the halocyclization reactions of unsaturated benzyl sulfides have been examined as a function of tether length, type of unsaturation (carbon-carbon double bond versus carbon-carbon triple bond), substituents, and halogenating agent. Alkenyl sulfides were found to react with iodine or bromine at room temperature to give five-membered ring cycloadducts exclusively over those having four-membered rings, while for larger systems, six-membered ring products are formed preferentially over their five-membered ring isomers and exclusively over the seven-membered ring adducts. The endo- versus exo-regioselectivity of these alkenyl sulfide ring closures most likely reflects the difference in thermodynamic stabilities of the beta-halo sulfide cycloadducts, which are able to equilibrate via a common episulfonium intermediate. The efficiency of the cyclization process markedly drops off for these alkenyl sulfides as the tether length increases beyond four intervening carbon centers. Thus, while the halogenations of 3-butenyl sulfides and 4-pentenyl sulfides give high yields of cycloadducts, those of 5-hexenyl sulfides afford only small amounts of cyclized products and large quantities of acyclic dibromides. Conversely the reactions of acetylenic sulfides with iodine give uniformly high yields and regiochemical control regardless of the tether length. Thus, 3-butynyl and 4-pentynyl sulfides cyclize cleanly to the five-membered ring while 5-hexynyl sulfides give exclusively the six-membered ring, The products arising from these alkynyl sulfide ring closures are believed to be formed under kinetic control. The methodology has been applied to the synthesis of unusual bicyclic beta-lactams related to the penicillin family of antibiotics.
Al(OTf)<sub>3</sub>-Mediated Epoxide Ring-Opening Reactions: Toward Piperazine-Derived Physiologically Active Products
作者:D. Bradley G. Williams、Adam Cullen
DOI:10.1021/jo9020437
日期:2009.12.18
Al(OTf)(3) is a good catalyst for the ring opening of epoxides, forming beta-amino alcohols bearing the piperazine motif. Two different strategies were examined, where the glycidyl ether resided on one-half of the molecule or the other, allowing insight into a best-case approach for the ring-opening step. Each half of the molecule contained an heteroatom that could be used either to attach the glycidyl moiety or as the nucleophile in the ring-opening reaction, for the same set of reagents, allowing this approach.